{"id":2207,"date":"2022-04-23T07:49:22","date_gmt":"2022-04-23T07:49:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/?page_id=2207"},"modified":"2022-05-20T23:45:07","modified_gmt":"2022-05-20T23:45:07","slug":"civil-code-civ-52-4","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/california-statutes\/civil-code-civ-52-4\/","title":{"rendered":"Civil Code &#8211; CIV 52.4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l2bk36x6-facecacc56150e82db229a0271c2f22a\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-l2bk36x6-facecacc56150e82db229a0271c2f22a{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-l2bk36x6-facecacc56150e82db229a0271c2f22a .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-l2bk36x6-facecacc56150e82db229a0271c2f22a .av-subheading{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-l2bk36x6-facecacc56150e82db229a0271c2f22a av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_above'><p>California<\/p>\n<\/div><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Civil Code &#8211; CIV \u00a7 52.4<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" 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#searchsubmit{\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_hr '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CA statutes' aria-label='Search CA statutes' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='10' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_avia_sc_search  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-l2bk95rn-e22c46e0579d6a3836cab9f163dc1367 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"subsection\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p>(a)\u2002Any person who has been subjected to gender violence may bring a civil action for damages against any responsible party. \u2002The plaintiff may seek actual damages, compensatory damages, punitive damages, injunctive relief, any combination of those, or any other appropriate relief. \u2002A prevailing plaintiff may also be awarded attorney&#8217;s fees and costs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p>(b)\u2002An action brought pursuant to this section shall be commenced within three years of the act, or if the victim was a minor when the act occurred, within eight years after the date the plaintiff attains the age of majority or within three years after the date the plaintiff discovers or reasonably should have discovered the psychological injury or illness occurring after the age of majority that was caused by the act, whichever date occurs later.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p>(c)\u2002For purposes of this section, \u201c<span class=\"wordphrase\">gender violence<\/span>\u201d is a form of sex discrimination and means\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">either<\/span>\u00a0of the following:<\/p>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p>(1)\u2002One or more acts that would constitute a criminal offense under state law that has as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person or property of another, committed at least in part based on the gender of the victim, whether or not those acts have resulted in criminal complaints, charges, prosecution, or conviction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p>(2)\u2002A physical intrusion or physical invasion of a sexual nature under coercive conditions, whether or not those acts have resulted in criminal complaints, charges, prosecution, or conviction.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(d)\u2002For purposes of this section, \u201c<span class=\"wordphrase\">gender<\/span>\u201d has the meaning set forth in\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 51\u00a0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(e)<\/span>\u2002Notwithstanding any other laws that may establish the liability of an employer for the acts of an employee, this section does not establish any civil liability of a person because of his or her status as an employer, unless the employer personally committed an act of gender violence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":2019,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2207","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Civil Code - CIV 52.4 - 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