{"id":2392,"date":"2022-04-26T07:51:24","date_gmt":"2022-04-26T07:51:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/?page_id=2392"},"modified":"2022-05-20T23:45:40","modified_gmt":"2022-05-20T23:45:40","slug":"government-code-54956-9-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/california-statutes\/government-code-54956-9-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Government Code 54956.9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l2fujklk-e87bce2c72b5e1dee73180a76dd06636\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-l2fujklk-e87bce2c72b5e1dee73180a76dd06636{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-l2fujklk-e87bce2c72b5e1dee73180a76dd06636 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-l2fujklk-e87bce2c72b5e1dee73180a76dd06636 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-l2fujklk-e87bce2c72b5e1dee73180a76dd06636 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_above'><p>California<\/p>\n<\/div><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Government Code &#8211; GOV \u00a7 54956.9<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad .av_searchform_wrapper{\nborder-color:#edae44;\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad #s.av-input-field{\ncolor:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad .av-input-field-icon.av-search-icon{\ncolor:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad .av-input-field-icon.av-search-icon.avia-svg-icon svg:first-child{\nfill:#edae44;\nstroke:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad #searchsubmit{\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_hr '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CA statutes' aria-label='Search CA statutes' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='10' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_avia_sc_search  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-l2fundtv-845b7c5c323b9f1b43a9e03dfcb03cc6 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"subsection\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(a)<\/span>\u2002Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prevent a legislative body of a local agency, based on advice of its legal counsel, from holding a closed session to confer with, or receive advice from, its legal counsel regarding pending litigation when discussion in open session concerning those matters would prejudice the position of the local agency in the litigation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(b)<\/span>\u2002For purposes of this chapter, all expressions of the lawyer-client privilege other than those provided in this section are hereby abrogated. \u2002This section is the exclusive expression of the lawyer-client privilege for purposes of conducting closed-session meetings pursuant to this chapter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(c)<\/span>\u2002For purposes of this section, \u201c<span class=\"wordphrase\">litigation<\/span>\u201d includes any adjudicatory proceeding, including eminent domain, before a court, administrative body exercising its adjudicatory authority, hearing officer, or arbitrator.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(d)<\/span>\u2002For purposes of this section, litigation shall be considered pending when any of the following circumstances exist:<\/p>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(1)<\/span>\u2002Litigation, to which the local agency is a party, has been initiated formally.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(2)<\/span>\u2002A point has been reached where, in the opinion of the legislative body of the local agency on the advice of its legal counsel, based on existing facts and circumstances, there is a significant exposure to litigation against the local agency.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(3)<\/span>\u2002Based on existing facts and circumstances, the legislative body of the local agency is meeting only to decide whether a closed session is authorized pursuant to paragraph\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">(2)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(4)\u2002Based on existing facts and circumstances, the legislative body of the local agency has decided to initiate or is deciding whether to initiate litigation.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(e)<\/span>\u2002For purposes of paragraphs\u00a0(2)\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">and (3) of subdivision (d)<\/span>, \u201cexisting facts and circumstances\u201d shall consist only of one of the following:<\/p>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(1)<\/span>\u2002Facts and circumstances that might result in litigation against the local agency but which the local agency believes are not yet known to a potential plaintiff or plaintiffs, which facts and circumstances need not be disclosed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(2)<\/span>\u2002Facts and circumstances, including, but not limited to, an accident, disaster, incident, or transactional occurrence that might result in litigation against the agency and that are known to a potential plaintiff or plaintiffs, which facts or circumstances shall be publicly stated on the agenda or announced.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(3)<\/span>\u2002The receipt of a claim pursuant to the\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">Government<\/span>\u00a0Claims Act\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">(Division 3.6 (commencing with\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 810) of Title 1 of the Government Code\u00a0<\/span>)<\/span>\u00a0or some other written communication from a potential plaintiff threatening litigation, which claim or communication shall be available for public inspection pursuant to\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 54957.5\u00a0<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(4)<\/span>\u2002A statement made by a person in an open and public meeting threatening litigation on a specific matter within the responsibility of the legislative body.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(5)<\/span>\u2002A statement threatening litigation made by a person outside an open and public meeting on a specific matter within the responsibility of the legislative body so long as the official or employee of the local agency receiving knowledge of the threat makes a contemporaneous or other record of the statement prior to the meeting, which record shall be available for public inspection pursuant to\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 54957.5\u00a0<\/span>. \u2002The records so created need not identify the alleged victim of unlawful or tortious sexual conduct or anyone making the threat on their behalf, or identify a public employee who is the alleged perpetrator of any unlawful or tortious conduct upon which a threat of litigation is based, unless the identity of the person has been publicly disclosed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(f)<\/span>\u2002Nothing in this section shall require disclosure of written communications that are privileged and not subject to disclosure pursuant to the California Public Records Act (Chapter 3.5 (commencing with\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 6250\u00a0<\/span>) of Division 7 of Title 1).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(g)<\/span>\u2002Prior to holding a closed session pursuant to this section, the legislative body of the local agency shall state on the agenda or publicly announce the\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">paragraph of<\/span>\u00a0subdivision\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">(d)<\/span>\u00a0that authorizes the closed session. \u2002If the session is closed pursuant to\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">paragraph (1) of<\/span>\u00a0subdivision\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">(d)<\/span>, the body shall state the title of or otherwise specifically identify the litigation to be discussed, unless the body states that to do so would jeopardize the agency&#8217;s ability to effectuate service of process upon one or more unserved parties, or that to do so would jeopardize its ability to conclude existing settlement negotiations to its advantage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(h)<\/span>\u2002A local agency shall be considered to be a \u201cparty\u201d or to have a \u201csignificant exposure to litigation\u201d if an officer or employee of the local agency is a party or has significant exposure to litigation concerning prior or prospective activities or alleged activities during the course and scope of that office or employment, including litigation in which it is an issue whether an activity is outside the course and scope of the office or employment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":2019,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2392","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Government Code 54956.9 - California Statutes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/california-statutes\/government-code-54956-9-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta 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