{"id":2956,"date":"2022-05-07T18:59:28","date_gmt":"2022-05-07T18:59:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/?page_id=2956"},"modified":"2022-05-20T23:47:05","modified_gmt":"2022-05-20T23:47:05","slug":"penal-code-189","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/california-statutes\/penal-code-189\/","title":{"rendered":"Penal Code 189"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l2w8bnkd-e6756f565de4cedeb5e89a9f8f880164\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-l2w8bnkd-e6756f565de4cedeb5e89a9f8f880164{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-l2w8bnkd-e6756f565de4cedeb5e89a9f8f880164 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-l2w8bnkd-e6756f565de4cedeb5e89a9f8f880164 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-l2w8bnkd-e6756f565de4cedeb5e89a9f8f880164 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_above'><p>California<\/p>\n<\/div><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Penal Code PC \u00a7 189<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div 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.avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_hr '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-4ee94ae86cde3b232e718bb4ac84e6ad' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CA statutes' aria-label='Search CA statutes' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='10' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-3a876428eececa9d35452247ddb053af hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_avia_sc_search  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-l2w8csqp-85532d06f5c32df69a178eb74bb89368 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"subsection\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(a)<\/span>\u2002All murder\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">that<\/span>\u00a0is perpetrated by means of a destructive device or explosive, a weapon of mass destruction, knowing use of ammunition designed primarily to penetrate metal or armor, poison, lying in wait, torture, or by any other kind of willful, deliberate, and premeditated killing, or\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">that<\/span>\u00a0is committed in the perpetration of, or attempt to perpetrate, arson, rape, carjacking, robbery, burglary, mayhem, kidnapping, train wrecking, or any act punishable under\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 206\u00a0<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">286\u00a0<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">288\u00a0<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">288a\u00a0<\/span>, or\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">289\u00a0<\/span>, or\u00a0murder\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">that<\/span>\u00a0is perpetrated by means of discharging a firearm from a motor vehicle, intentionally at another person outside of the vehicle with the intent to inflict death, is murder of the first degree.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(b)<\/span>\u2002All other kinds of murders are of the second degree.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(c)\u2002As used in this section, the following definitions apply:<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span class=\"added-material\">(1)\u2002\u201cDestructive device\u201d has the same meaning as in\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 16460\u00a0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span class=\"added-material\">(2)\u2002\u201cExplosive\u201d has the same meaning as<\/span>\u00a0in\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 12000 of the Health and Safety Code\u00a0<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span class=\"added-material\">(3)<\/span>\u2002\u201c<span class=\"wordphrase\">Weapon of mass destruction<\/span>\u201d means any item defined in\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">Section 11417\u00a0<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(d)<\/span>\u2002To prove the killing was \u201cdeliberate and premeditated,\u201d it\u00a0<span class=\"added-material\">is<\/span>\u00a0not\u00a0necessary to prove the defendant maturely and meaningfully reflected upon the gravity of his or her act.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(e)\u2002A participant in the perpetration or attempted perpetration of a felony listed in subdivision (a) in which a death occurs is liable for murder only if one of the following is proven:<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span class=\"added-material\">(1)\u2002The person was the actual killer.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span class=\"added-material\">(2)\u2002The person was not the actual killer, but, with the intent to kill, aided, abetted, counseled, commanded, induced, solicited, requested, or assisted the actual killer in the commission of murder in the first degree.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span class=\"added-material\">(3)\u2002The person was a major participant in the underlying felony and acted with reckless indifference to human life, as described in\u00a0<span class=\"cite\">subdivision (d) of Section 190.2\u00a0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"subsection\">\n<p><span class=\"added-material\">(f)\u2002Subdivision (e) does not apply to a defendant when the victim is a peace officer who was killed while in the course of his or her duties, where the defendant knew or reasonably should have known that the victim was a peace officer engaged in the performance of his or her duties.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":2019,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2956","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Penal Code 189 - California Statutes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/california-statutes\/penal-code-189\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Penal Code 189 - California Statutes\" 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