{"id":856,"date":"2022-03-22T06:32:42","date_gmt":"2022-03-22T06:32:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/statutes-california-laws\/?page_id=856"},"modified":"2022-05-20T23:48:04","modified_gmt":"2022-05-20T23:48:04","slug":"ab931","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/california-statutes\/california-statutes\/ab931\/","title":{"rendered":"AB931"},"content":{"rendered":"<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Currrent as of February 4, 2022<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-l11rfc5e-c6807b074df6ac6c3477d550c0cdaadb\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-l11rfc5e-c6807b074df6ac6c3477d550c0cdaadb .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:19px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-l11rfc5e-c6807b074df6ac6c3477d550c0cdaadb '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1>Assembly Bill No. 931<\/h1>\n<hr \/>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Introduced by Assembly Member Villapudua<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><br \/>\nFebruary\u00a017,\u00a02021<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">An act to amend Section 13519.10 of the Penal Code, relating to peace officer training.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL&#8217;S DIGEST<\/p>\n<p>AB 931, as amended, Villapudua. Peace officer training: duty to intercede.<\/p>\n<p>Existing law requires specified categories of law enforcement officers to meet training standards pursuant to courses of training certified by the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training. Existing law requires the course or courses of the regular basic course for law enforcement officers to include, among other things, training on the duty to intercede.<\/p>\n<p>This bill would require the commission to develop training on the duty to intercede, to include, among other elements, a robust discussion of the science of active bystandership. The bill would additionally require specified law enforcement officers\u00a0to complete an updated course of instruction on the duty to intercede every 2 years. By imposing additional training costs on local law enforcement agencies, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.<\/p>\n<p>The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.<\/p>\n<p>This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.<\/p>\n<p>Vote:\u00a0majority\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Appropriation:\u00a0no\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Fiscal Committee:\u00a0yes\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Local Program:\u00a0yes<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:<\/p>\n<p><strong>SECTION 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a)\u00a0This act shall be known, and may be cited, as the 2021 Intervention Training for Law Enforcement Program.<\/p>\n<p>(b)\u00a0The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:<\/p>\n<p>(1)\u00a0President Obama\u2019s Task Force on 21st Century Policing found that teaching police peer intervention has a powerful influence on encouraging and supporting officers to intervene and prevent their colleagues from committing acts of serious misconduct and criminal behavior.<\/p>\n<p>(2)\u00a0Police intervention and peer intervention training in law enforcement is seldom offered to law enforcement officers.<\/p>\n<p>(3)\u00a0The Active Bystandership for Law Enforcement (ABLE) (registered trademark) program was developed by Georgetown University Law Center to catalyze cultural shifts in how law enforcement officers proactively intervene to reduce the likelihood of harm to community members and officers.<\/p>\n<p>(4)\u00a0This police intervention and peer intervention training is rooted in the studies of multiple experts, including Dr. Ervin Staub, a holocaust survivor who has studied the psychology of violence and the psychology of passive bystandership for decades.<\/p>\n<p>(5)\u00a0Doctor Staub identified passive bystandership as failing to take action where circumstances would seem to require action, and has worked to develop trainings to advance active bystandership.<\/p>\n<p>(6)\u00a0Psychologists have identified common inhibitors to active bystandership that impact all professions and people of all cultures. The common inhibitors include pluralistic ignorance, diffusion of responsibility, ambiguity as to whether help is needed, perceived costs of providing assistance, concern about negative reactions to intervention, devaluation of the individuals needing assistance, and feelings that people are best able to take care of themselves.<\/p>\n<p>(7)\u00a0When the application of active bystandership training was examined in the airline industry, researchers found that subordinate crew members found it very difficult, particularly if they were still in their new-hire, probationary period, to challenge or suggest that a captain was making mistakes.<\/p>\n<p>(8)\u00a0This led safety advocates to call for the adoption of a four-step solution called \u201cProbe, Alert, Challenge, and Emergency\u201d (P.A.C.E.). ABLE (registered trademark) uses a similar program for law enforcement called \u201cProbe, Alert, Challenge, and Take Action\u201d (PACT).<\/p>\n<p>(9)\u00a0Whereas law enforcement officers are in need of ongoing training to combat the inhibitors of passive bystandership and to promote a culture where officers intervene to prevent other officers from violating the constitutional and statutory rights of others.<\/p>\n<p>(c)\u00a0It is the intent of the Legislature to direct the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training to study and adopt ABLE (registered trademark) or a training program that is at least as rigorous and as focused on cultural change as the ABLE (registered trademark) program.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SEC. 2.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Section 13519.10 of the Penal Code is amended to read:<\/p>\n<p><strong>13519.10.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(a)\u00a0(1)\u00a0The commission shall implement a course or courses of instruction for the regular and periodic training of law enforcement officers in the use of force and shall also develop uniform, minimum guidelines for adoption and promulgation by California law enforcement agencies for use of force. The guidelines and course of instruction shall stress that the use of force by law enforcement personnel is of important concern to the community and law enforcement and that law enforcement should safeguard life, dignity, and liberty of all persons, without prejudice to anyone. These guidelines shall be a resource for each agency executive to use in the creation of the use of force policy that the agency is required to adopt and promulgate pursuant to Section 7286 of the Government Code, and that reflects the needs of the agency, the jurisdiction it serves, and the law.<\/p>\n<p>(2)\u00a0As used in this section, \u201claw enforcement officer\u201d includes any peace officer of a local police or sheriff\u2019s department or the California Highway Patrol, or of any other law enforcement agency authorized by law to use force to effectuate an arrest.<\/p>\n<p>(b)\u00a0The course or courses of the regular basic course for law enforcement officers and the guidelines shall include all of the following:<\/p>\n<p>(1)\u00a0Legal standards for use of force.<\/p>\n<p>(2)\u00a0(A)\u00a0Duty to intercede. The commission shall develop training on the duty to intercede training module which shall include, but not be limited to, all of the following elements:<\/p>\n<p>(i)\u00a0A robust discussion of the science of active bystandership, including an exploration of social science experiments that help explain the inhibitors to intervention.<\/p>\n<p>(ii)\u00a0Interactive facilitated discussions of the inhibitors to intervention, with a special focus on inhibitors at play in a hierarchical organizational structure.<\/p>\n<p>(iii)\u00a0Interactive discussions of where, how, and why deliberate intervention training has worked in other professions.<\/p>\n<p>(iv)\u00a0Multiple practical skills and tactics targeted at increasing the frequency and effectiveness of interventions, including actual practice using those skills and tactics.<\/p>\n<p>(v)\u00a0Interactive discussions of how intervention tactics can be used in a variety of settings, including to prevent misconduct, prevent mistakes, and promote officer health and wellness.<\/p>\n<p>(vi)\u00a0Meaningful live, facilitated scenario-based role plays.<\/p>\n<p>(vii)\u00a0The mental health and wellness risks of nonintervention.<\/p>\n<p>(viii)\u00a0The legal and practical risks of nonintervention.<\/p>\n<p>(ix)\u00a0The impact of nonintervention on communities and individual community members.<\/p>\n<p>(x)\u00a0A focus on the importance of developing a law enforcement culture in which intervention is not only encouraged, but expected, among members of a law enforcement organization regardless of the risk of the intervenor or the individual being intervened upon.<\/p>\n<p>(xi)\u00a0At least eight hours of both classroom instruction and extensive simulator-based training or live scenario-based training.<\/p>\n<p>(B)\u00a0The training required pursuant to paragraph (A) shall only be required for law enforcement officers who substantially interact with the public.<\/p>\n<p>(3)\u00a0The use of objectively reasonable force.<\/p>\n<p>(4)\u00a0Supervisory responsibilities.<\/p>\n<p>(5)\u00a0Use of force review and analysis.<\/p>\n<p>(6)\u00a0Guidelines for the use of deadly force.<\/p>\n<p>(7)\u00a0State required reporting.<\/p>\n<p>(8)\u00a0Deescalation and interpersonal communication training, including tactical methods that use time, distance, cover, and concealment, to avoid escalating situations that lead to violence.<\/p>\n<p>(9)\u00a0Implicit and explicit bias and cultural competency.<\/p>\n<p>(10)\u00a0Skills including deescalation techniques to effectively, safely, and respectfully interact with people with disabilities or behavioral health issues.<\/p>\n<p>(11)\u00a0Use of force scenario training including simulations of low-frequency, high-risk situations and calls for service, shoot-or-don\u2019t-shoot situations, and real-time force option decisionmaking.<\/p>\n<p>(12)\u00a0Alternatives to the use of deadly force and physical force, so that deescalation tactics and less lethal alternatives are, where reasonably feasible, part of the decisionmaking process leading up to the consideration of deadly force.<\/p>\n<p>(13)\u00a0Mental health and policing, including bias and stigma.<\/p>\n<p>(14)\u00a0Using public service, including the rendering of first aid, to provide a positive point of contact between law enforcement officers and community members to increase trust and reduce conflicts.<\/p>\n<p>(c)\u00a0Law enforcement agencies are encouraged to include, as part of their advanced officer training program, periodic updates and training on use of force. The commission shall assist where possible.<\/p>\n<p>(d)\u00a0(1)\u00a0The course or courses of instruction, the learning and performance objectives, the standards for the training, and the guidelines shall be developed by the commission in consultation with appropriate groups and individuals having an interest and expertise in the field on use of force. The groups and individuals shall include, but not be limited to, law enforcement agencies, police academy instructors, subject matter experts, and members of the public.<\/p>\n<p>(2)\u00a0The commission, in consultation with these groups and individuals, shall review existing training programs to determine the ways in which use of force training may be included as part of ongoing programs.<\/p>\n<p>(e)\u00a0(1)\u00a0It is the intent of the Legislature that each law enforcement agency adopt, promulgate, and require regular and periodic training consistent with an agency\u2019s specific use of force policy that, at a minimum, complies with the guidelines developed under subdivisions (a) and (b).<\/p>\n<p>(2)\u00a0Every peace officer, as defined in Section 830.1 or in subdivision (a), (b), or (c) of Section 830.2,\u00a0shall complete an updated course of instruction on the duty to intercede as described in paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) every two years.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SEC. 3.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>AB931<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":2019,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-856","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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