Pediatric Surgeons
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Diagnose and perform surgery to treat fetal abnormalities and birth defects, diseases, and injuries in fetuses, premature and newborn infants, children, and adolescents. Includes all pediatric surgical specialties and subspecialties.
Sample of reported job titles: Cardiovascular Surgeon, General Surgeon, Hand Surgeon, Physician, Plastic Surgeon, Surgeon, Thoracic Surgeon, Vascular Surgeon
This title represents an occupation for which data collection is currently underway.
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Tasks | Technology Skills | Tools Used | Detailed Work Activities | Job Zone | Credentials | Wages & Employment | Job Openings | Additional Information
Tasks

- Analyze patient’s medical history, medication allergies, physical condition, and examination results to verify operation’s necessity and to determine best procedure.
- Conduct research to develop and test surgical techniques that can improve operating procedures and outcomes.
- Consult with patient’s other medical care specialists, such as cardiologist and endocrinologist, to determine if surgery is necessary.
- Describe preoperative and postoperative treatments and procedures, such as sedatives, diets, antibiotics, or preparation and treatment of the patient’s operative area, to parents or guardians of the patient.
- Direct and coordinate activities of nurses, assistants, specialists, residents, and other medical staff.
- Examine fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, and diagnose health issues to determine need for intervention, such as surgery.
- Examine instruments, equipment, and operating room to ensure sterility.
- Examine patient to obtain information on medical condition and surgical risk.
- Follow established surgical techniques during the operation.
- Inform parents and guardians of child’s health problems and surgical procedures through various channels, such as in-person and telecommunication systems.
- Interpret results of preoperative tests and physical examinations.
- Manage surgery services, including planning, scheduling and coordination, determination of procedures, or procurement of supplies and equipment.
- Monitor patient’s recovery using postoperative assessment techniques, such as blood and imaging tests, and follow-up visits.
- Operate on fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents to correct deformities, repair injuries, prevent and treat diseases, or improve or restore patients’ functions.
- Perform transplantation operations, such as organ transplants, on fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents.
- Prepare case histories.
- Provide consultation and surgical assistance to other physicians and surgeons.
- Refer patient to medical specialist or other practitioners when necessary.
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Technology Skills

- Graphics or photo imaging software — Computer imaging software
- Human resources software — Human resources management system HRMS
- Medical software — Electronic medical record EMR software; Epic Systems
; MEDITECH software
; Three-dimensional 3D virtual surgery software (see all 9 examples)
- Operating system software — Microsoft Windows
Hot Technology — a technology requirement frequently included in employer job postings.
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Detailed Work Activities

- Examine patients to assess general physical condition.
- Operate on patients to treat conditions.
- Advise medical personnel regarding healthcare issues.
- Analyze patient data to determine patient needs or treatment goals.
- Analyze test data or images to inform diagnosis or treatment.
- Assist healthcare practitioners during surgery.
- Conduct research to increase knowledge about medical issues.
- Confer with family members to discuss client treatment plans or progress.
- Confer with other professionals to plan patient care.
- Diagnose medical conditions.
- Explain medical procedures or test results to patients or family members.
- Follow protocols or regulations for healthcare activities.
- Manage healthcare operations.
- Monitor patient progress or responses to treatments.
- Order medical supplies or equipment.
- Prescribe medications.
- Prescribe treatments or therapies.
- Record patient medical histories.
- Refer patients to other healthcare practitioners or health resources.
- Schedule patient procedures or appointments.
- Sterilize medical equipment or instruments.
- Supervise patient care personnel.
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Job Zone
Title | Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed |
Education | Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master’s degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree). |
Related Experience | Extensive skill, knowledge, and experience are needed for these occupations. Many require more than five years of experience. For example, surgeons must complete four years of college and an additional five to seven years of specialized medical training to be able to do their job. |
Job Training | Employees may need some on-the-job training, but most of these occupations assume that the person will already have the required skills, knowledge, work-related experience, and/or training. |
Job Zone Examples | These occupations often involve coordinating, training, supervising, or managing the activities of others to accomplish goals. Very advanced communication and organizational skills are required. Examples include pharmacists, lawyers, astronomers, biologists, clergy, neurologists, and veterinarians. |
SVP Range | (8.0 and above) |
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Credentials



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Wages & Employment Trends
Median wage data for Surgeons, Except Ophthalmologists.
Employment data for Surgeons, Except Ophthalmologists.
Industry data for Surgeons, Except Ophthalmologists.
Median wages (2020) | $100.00+ hourly, $208,000+ annual |
State wages | |
Local wages | |
Employment (2020) | 41,500 employees |
Projected growth (2020-2030) | ![]() |
Projected job openings (2020-2030) | 1,000 |
State trends | |
Top industries (2020) |
Health Care and Social Assistance
|
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2020 wage data and 2020-2030 employment projections
. “Projected growth” represents the estimated change in total employment over the projections period (2020-2030). “Projected job openings” represent openings due to growth and replacement.
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Job Openings on the Web

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Sources of Additional Information

Disclaimer: Sources are listed to provide additional information on related jobs, specialties, and/or industries. Links to non-DOL Internet sites are provided for your convenience and do not constitute an endorsement.
- American Academy of Family Physicians
- American Academy of Ophthalmology
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
- American Association for Hand Surgery
- American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine
- American Board of Physician Specialties
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
- American College of Physicians
- American College of Surgeons
- American Medical Association
- American Osteopathic Association
- American Pediatric Surgical Association
- American Society for Surgery of the Hand
- American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons
- American Society of General Surgeons
- American Surgical Association
- Association of American Medical Colleges
- Federation of State Medical Boards
- Occupational Outlook Handbook: Physicians and surgeons
- Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons
- The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
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This page includes information from O*NET OnLine by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA.