{"id":1218,"date":"2021-10-25T03:50:34","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:50:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=1218"},"modified":"2022-05-05T16:41:48","modified_gmt":"2022-05-05T16:41:48","slug":"caci-2360-judgment-creditors-action-against-insurer-essential-factual-elements","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-2360-judgment-creditors-action-against-insurer-essential-factual-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 2360 Judgment Creditor\u2019s Action Against Insurer\u2014Essential Factual Elements"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kum8lymw-3cdf28a574926491fab2068939c542fa\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kum8lymw-3cdf28a574926491fab2068939c542fa{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kum8lymw-3cdf28a574926491fab2068939c542fa .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kum8lymw-3cdf28a574926491fab2068939c542fa .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kum8lymw-3cdf28a574926491fab2068939c542fa av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 2360 Judgment Creditor\u2019s Action Against Insurer\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span 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itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kum8n4y3-dfa474f89d98dd061f349d9344a9604a\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kum8n4y3-dfa474f89d98dd061f349d9344a9604a .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kum8n4y3-dfa474f89d98dd061f349d9344a9604a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">2360\u00a0Judgment Creditor\u2019s Action Against Insurer\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must pay [all or part of] a judgment against [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of insured<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] brought a lawsuit for [personal injury\/wrongful death\/property damage] against [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of insured<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] and a judgment was entered against [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of insured<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [all or part of] [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of insured<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s liability under the judgment is covered by an insurance policy with [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">The amount of the judgment [covered by the policy]. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New September 2003 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>The instructions in this series assume the plaintiff is the insured and the defendant is the insurer. The party designations may be changed if appropriate to the facts of the case.<\/p>\n<p>This instruction is intended for a judgment creditor\u2019s action against an insurer to collect on an insurance policy pursuant to\u00a0Insurance Code section 11580(b)(2). This instruction should be used only where there are factual issues on any of the above elements. This instruction may need to be augmented with instructions on specific factual findings.<\/p>\n<p>Note that\u00a0Insurance Code section 11580\u00a0requires that the policy be \u201cissued or delivered to [a] person in this state.\u201d This issue should be added as an element if it is disputed in the case. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Judgment Creditor\u2019s Action Against Insurer.\u00a0Insurance Code section 11580(b)(2).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cA direct action under section 11580 is a contractual action on the policy to satisfy a judgment up to policy limits.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Wright v. Fireman\u2019s Fund Insurance Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1992) 11 Cal.App.4th 998, 1015 [14 Cal.Rptr.2d 588].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[I]t is not necessary for property damage to be caused by a vehicle or draught animal in order to bring a direct action against an insurer under section 11580.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">People ex rel. City of Willits v. Certain Underwriters at Lloyd\u2019s of London<\/span>\u00a0(2002) 97 Cal.App.4th 1125, 1131\u20131132].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cBecause the insurer\u2019s duties flow to its insured alone, a third party claimant may not bring a direct action against an insurance company. As a general rule, a third party may directly sue an insurer only when there has been an assignment of rights by, or a final judgment against, the insured.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Shaolian v. Safeco Insurance Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1999) 71 Cal.App.4th 268, 271 [83 Cal.Rptr.2d 702], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cUnder section 11580 a third party claimant bringing a direct action against an insurer should \u2026 prove 1) it obtained a judgment for bodily injury, death, or property damage, 2) the judgment was against a person insured under a policy that insures against [the] loss or damage \u2026\u2009, 3) the liability insurance policy was issued by the defendant insurer, 4) the policy covers the relief awarded in the judgment, 5) the policy either contains a clause that authorizes the claimant to bring an action directly against the insurer or the policy was issued or delivered in California and insures against [the] loss or damage \u2026\u2009.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Wright, supra,<\/span>\u00a011 Cal.App.4th at p. 1015.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cUnder\u00a0Insurance Code section 11580, a third party creditor bringing a direct action against an insurer to recover the proceeds of an insurance policy must\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">plead and prove<\/span>\u00a0not only that it obtained a judgment for bodily injury, but that \u2018the judgment was against a person insured under a policy \u2026\u2019 and \u2018the policy covers the relief awarded in the judgment \u2026\u2009.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Miller v. American Home Assurance Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1996) 47 Cal.App.4th 844, 847\u2013848 [54 Cal.Rptr.2d 765], original italics, internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[Insurance Code Section 11580(b)(2)] and the standard policy language permit an action against an insurer only when the underlying judgment is final and \u2018final,\u2019 for this purpose, means an appeal from the underlying judgment has been concluded or the time within which to appeal has passed.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">McKee v. National Union Fire Insurance Co. of Pittsburgh, PA.<\/span>\u00a0(1993) 15 Cal.App.4th 282, 285 [19 Cal.Rptr.2d 286].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[W]here the insurer may be subject to a direct action under\u00a0Insurance Code section 11580\u00a0by a judgment creditor who has or will obtain a default judgment in a third party action against the insured, intervention is appropriate.\u2009\u2026 Where an insurer has failed to intervene in the underlying action or to move to set aside the default judgment, the insurer is bound by the default judgment.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Reliance Insurance Co. v. Superior Court<\/span>\u00a0(2000) 84 Cal.App.4th 383, 386\u2013387 [100 Cal.Rptr.2d 807], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe [standard] \u2018no action\u2019 clause gives the insurer the right to control the defense of the claim\u2014to decide whether to settle or to adjudicate the claim on its merits. When the insurer provides a defense to its insured, the insured has no right to interfere with the insurer\u2019s control of the defense, and a stipulated judgment between the insured and the injured claimant, without the consent of the insurer, is ineffective to impose liability upon the insurer.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Safeco Ins. Co. of Am. v. Superior Court<\/span>\u00a0(1999) 71 Cal.App.4th 782, 787 [84 Cal.Rptr.2d 43], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">A standard \u201cno action\u201d clause in an indemnity insurance policy \u201cprovides that [the insurer] may be sued directly if the amount of the insured\u2019s obligation to pay was finally determined either by judgment against the insured after actual trial or by \u2018written agreement of the insured, the claimant and the company.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Rose v. Royal Insurance Co. of America<\/span>\u00a0(1991) 2 Cal.App.4th 709, 716\u2013717 [3 Cal.Rptr.2d 483].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[A] trial does not have to be adversarial to be considered an \u2018actual trial\u2019 under the \u2018no action\u2019 clause, or to be considered binding against the insurer in a section 11580 proceeding.\u2009\u2026 [W]e conclude that the term \u2018actual trial\u2019 in the standard \u2018no action\u2019 clause has two components: (1) an independent adjudication of facts based on an evidentiary showing; and (2) a process that does not create the potential for abuse, fraud or collusion.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">National Union Fire Insurance Co. v. Lynette C.<\/span>\u00a0(1994) 27 Cal.App.4th 1434, 1449 [33 Cal.Rptr.2d 496].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cA defending insurer cannot be bound by a settlement made without its participation and without any actual commitment on its insured\u2019s part to pay the judgment, even where the settlement has been found to be in good faith for purposes of [Code of Civil Procedure] section 877.6.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Hamilton v. Maryland Casualty Co.<\/span>\u00a0(2002) 27 Cal.4th 718, 730 [117 Cal.Rptr.2d 318, 41 P.3d 128].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[W]hen \u2026 a liability insurer wrongfully denies coverage or refuses to provide a defense, then the insured is free to negotiate the best possible settlement consistent with his or her interests, including a stipulated judgment accompanied by a covenant not to execute. Such a settlement will raise an evidentiary presumption in favor of the insured (or the insured\u2019s assignee) with respect to the existence and amount of the insured\u2019s liability. The effect of such presumption is to shift the burden of proof to the insurer to prove that the settlement was unreasonable or the product of fraud or collusion. If the insurer is unable to meet that burden of proof then the stipulated judgment will be binding on the insurer and the policy provision proscribing a direct action against an insurer except upon a judgment against the insured after an \u2018actual trial\u2019 will not bar enforcement of the judgment.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Pruyn v. Agricultural Insurance Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1995) 36 Cal.App.4th 500, 509 [42 Cal.Rptr.2d 295].) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>Croskey et al., California Practice Guide: Insurance Litigation, Ch. 15-K,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Judgment Creditor\u2019s Action to Enforce Judgment Debtor\u2019s Liability Insurance<\/span>, \u00b6\u00b6\u200915:1028\u201315:1077, 15:1123\u201315:1136 (The Rutter Group)<\/div>\n<div>2 California Liability Insurance Practice: Claims &amp; Litigation (Cont.Ed.Bar) Claimant\u2019s Direct Action for Recovery of Judgment, \u00a7\u00a7\u200927.1\u201327.7, 27.17\u201327.27<\/div>\n<div>4 California Insurance Law &amp; Practice, Ch. 41,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Liability Insurance in General<\/span>, \u00a7\u00a7\u200941.60\u201341.63 (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>26\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 308,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Insurance<\/span>\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>12\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 120,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Insurance<\/span>, \u00a7\u00a7\u2009120.186,\u00a0120.198,\u00a0120.206\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-7sd9f6-ef1444fe82d62c520ed833e18d7edcd5 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5mien6-9355bc04cb00f5d4a4012d63d2411f47\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-5mien6-9355bc04cb00f5d4a4012d63d2411f47 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-5mien6-9355bc04cb00f5d4a4012d63d2411f47 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1218","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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