{"id":1496,"date":"2021-10-25T03:51:56","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:51:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=1496"},"modified":"2022-05-05T20:21:37","modified_gmt":"2022-05-05T20:21:37","slug":"caci-2802-fraudulent-concealment-of-injury-essential-factual-elements-lab-code-%c2%a7-3602b2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-2802-fraudulent-concealment-of-injury-essential-factual-elements-lab-code-%c2%a7-3602b2\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 2802 Fraudulent Concealment of Injury\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20093602(b)(2))"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kuusg6m9-a10bf55bf4ba76fc108bcfd3e65f22ff\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kuusg6m9-a10bf55bf4ba76fc108bcfd3e65f22ff{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kuusg6m9-a10bf55bf4ba76fc108bcfd3e65f22ff .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kuusg6m9-a10bf55bf4ba76fc108bcfd3e65f22ff .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kuusg6m9-a10bf55bf4ba76fc108bcfd3e65f22ff av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 2802 Fraudulent Concealment of Injury\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20093602(b)(2))<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchform_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-color:#edae44;\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #s.av-input-field{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #searchsubmit{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.ajax_search_response.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7{\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nmargin:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kuushq43-a88e69493ed6750c63b1390203c21b8a\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kuushq43-a88e69493ed6750c63b1390203c21b8a .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kuushq43-a88e69493ed6750c63b1390203c21b8a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">2802\u00a0Fraudulent Concealment of Injury\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20093602(b)(2))<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\/[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]] was harmed because [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] fraudulently concealed the fact that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] had been injured on the job. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was injured on the job;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] knew that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] had suffered a job-related injury;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] concealed this knowledge from [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s injury was made worse as a result of this concealment.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">If [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] establishes this claim, [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove the total damages caused by the injury. [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove the damages that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] would have sustained even if [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] had not concealed the injury. [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] is entitled to recover the difference between the two amounts. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New September 2003 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>This instruction is intended for cases where the employer is the defendant and the plaintiff alleges the case falls outside of the workers\u2019 compensation exclusivity rule. This instruction pertains to aggravation of an injury caused by concealment. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Exclusive Remedy: Fraudulent Concealment Exception.\u00a0Labor Code Section 3602(b)(2).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[T]he 1982 amendments were not intended to provide an exhaustive list of exceptions to the exclusivity rule. They did not, for example, foreclose the recognition of an exception for injuries stemming from wrongful discharges that violated public policy, an issue that neither the Legislature nor the judicial system had confronted in 1982. Section 3602 only applies \u2018[w]here the conditions \u2026 set forth in section 3600 concur,\u2019 and does not purport to resolve the ambiguities in that latter section discussed above, nor to definitively delineate the scope of the compensation bargain that has been the key to construing the meaning of section 3600. Rather, section 3602 merely confirms the judicial recognition of certain types of employer acts as outside the compensation bargain, even as it reinforces the exclusivity rule by repealing the dual capacity doctrine.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Fermino v. Fedco, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(1994) 7 Cal.4th 701, 720 [30 Cal.Rptr.2d 18, 872 P.2d 559], internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn general, the Workers\u2019 Compensation Act provides an employee with his or her exclusive remedy for a work-related injury. Subject to narrow exceptions, \u2018where the \u2026 conditions of compensation concur,\u2019 an injured employee cannot maintain a civil action against his or her employer or another employee.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Lopez v. C.G.M. Development, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(2002) 101 Cal.App.4th 430 [124 Cal.Rptr.2d 227], internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[A]n employee seeking to state a cause of action against an employer under section 3602(b)(2) must \u2018in general terms\u2019 plead facts that if found true by the trier of fact, establish the existence of three essential elements: (1) the employer knew that the plaintiff had suffered a work-related injury; (2) the employer concealed that knowledge from the plaintiff; and (3) the injury was aggravated as a result of such concealment.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Palestini v. General Dynamics Corp.<\/span>\u00a0(2002) 99 Cal.App.4th 80, 89\u201390 [120 Cal.Rptr.2d 741], internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWhile there are no cases defining the term \u2018fraudulent concealment\u2019 as used in the section, its general meaning is not difficult to discern. According to both statute and case law, the failure to disclose facts may constitute fraud if the party with knowledge has a duty to make disclosure. We have no reason to believe that the term \u2018fraudulent concealment\u2019 as used in subdivision (b)(2) was intended to have a meaning other than this.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Foster v. Xerox Corp.<\/span>\u00a0(1985) 40 Cal.3d 306, 309\u2013310 [219 Cal.Rptr. 485, 707 P.2d 858], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cAn employer\u2019s actual knowledge of the existence of an employee\u2019s injury connected with the employment is a necessary prerequisite to establishing a claim against the employer for fraudulent concealment under section 3602(b)(2). This principle is based on the rationale that an employer cannot be held liable under section 3602(b)(2) for concealing something of which it had no knowledge.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Palestini, supra<\/span>, 99 Cal.App.4th at p. 93, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn order to succeed in their attempt to remove their case from the workers\u2019 compensation law, appellants first had to show an \u2018injury.\u2019 They then had to prove that the injury was aggravated by Firestone\u2019s fraudulent concealment of the existence of the injury and its connection with the employment.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Santiago v. Firestone Tire &amp; Rubber Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1990) 224 Cal.App.3d 1318, 1330 [274 Cal.Rptr. 576], internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe Supreme Court in\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Johns-Manville<\/span>\u00a0recognized that the aggravation of an injury that results when an employer fraudulently conceals the injury\u2019s cause is a harm distinct from the injury itself. For this reason, aggravation that results when an employer fraudulently conceals an injury\u2019s cause remains actionable even though the injured party has recovered worker\u2019s compensation benefits for the injury itself.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Aerojet General Corp. v. Superior Court<\/span>\u00a0(1986) 177 Cal.App.3d 950, 956 [223 Cal.Rptr. 249], internal citation omitted.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>2 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Workers\u2019 Compensation, \u00a7\u00a7\u200950, 51<\/div>\n<div>Chin et al., California Practice Guide: Employment Litigation, Ch. 15-F,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">California Workers\u2019 Compensation Act Preemption<\/span>, \u00b6\u00b6\u2009 15:526.1, 15:570, 15:570.5\u201315:570.6, 15:590 (The Rutter Group)<\/div>\n<div>1 Herlick, California Workers\u2019 Compensation Law (6th ed.), Ch. 12,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Tort Actions\u2014Subrogation<\/span>, \u00a7\u200912.20 (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>1\u00a0California Employment Law, Ch. 20,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Liability for Work-Related Injuries<\/span>, \u00a7\u200920.12[1][c]\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>1 Levy et al.,\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 10,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Effect of Workers\u2019 Compensation Law<\/span>, \u00a7\u200910.11[1][d]\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>51\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 577,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Workers\u2019 Compensation<\/span>, \u00a7\u00a7\u2009577.314[3], 577.525 (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>23\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 239,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Workers\u2019 Compensation Exclusive Remedy Doctrine<\/span>\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-7fmt08-929613f1418604a8ec1758ab3eeaef96 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6h4qi0-572b729228f73ef1c50ba17a15c58e1f\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-6h4qi0-572b729228f73ef1c50ba17a15c58e1f .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-6h4qi0-572b729228f73ef1c50ba17a15c58e1f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1496","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CACI 2802 Fraudulent Concealment of Injury\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Lab. 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