{"id":1538,"date":"2021-10-25T03:52:15","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:52:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=1538"},"modified":"2022-05-05T20:39:04","modified_gmt":"2022-05-05T20:39:04","slug":"caci-2924-status-as-defendants-employee-subservant-company","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-2924-status-as-defendants-employee-subservant-company\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 2924 Status as Defendant\u2019s Employee\u2014Subservant Company"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kuutkhv6-d73497e022c81370915196bd5137eb21\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kuutkhv6-d73497e022c81370915196bd5137eb21{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kuutkhv6-d73497e022c81370915196bd5137eb21 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kuutkhv6-d73497e022c81370915196bd5137eb21 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kuutkhv6-d73497e022c81370915196bd5137eb21 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 2924 Status as Defendant\u2019s Employee\u2014Subservant Company<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" 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action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kuutlqxn-5d7d92cf0fff977815a149664e80241f\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kuutlqxn-5d7d92cf0fff977815a149664e80241f .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kuutlqxn-5d7d92cf0fff977815a149664e80241f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">2924\u00a0Status as Defendant\u2019s Employee\u2014Subservant Company<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\/[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]] was [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s employee because [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was employed by [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of primary employer<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">], a company that was controlled by [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]. To succeed on this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] controlled or had the right to control the daily operations of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of primary employer<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] controlled or had the right to control the physical conduct of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of primary employer<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s employees in the course of the work during which [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was [injured\/killed]; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was performing services for the benefit of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] at the time of [injury\/death]. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New September 2003; Revised June 2011 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>For factors that may apply to determine whether the employer has a right to control, see\u00a0CACI No. 2923,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Borrowed Servant\/Dual Employee<\/span>. These factors are taken from\u00a0section 220 of the Restatement Second of Agency. The factors were not included in the Restatement Third of Agency. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn the\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Kelley<\/span>\u00a0case, the Supreme Court recognized that if a second company could be shown to be a conventional common-law servant, the \u2018control or right to control\u2019 test would be met.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Bradsher v. Missouri Pacific Railroad<\/span>\u00a0(8th Cir. 1982) 679 F.2d 1253, 1257\u20131258, internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cTo prove WFE was [defendant]\u2019s servant, [plaintiff] must establish [defendant] controlled or had the right to control the physical conduct of WFE\u2019s employees in the course of the work during which the injury allegedly occurred. The subservant theory presupposes the existence of two separate entities in a master-servant relationship. A plaintiff can proceed under this theory by showing his employer was the common-law servant of the defendant railroad such that the railroad controlled or had the right to control the employer\u2019s daily operations. A plaintiff must also show he was \u2018employed to perform services in the affairs of [the defendant railroad] and \u2026 with respect to the physical conduct in the performance of the services [was] subject to [that railroad\u2019s] control or right to control.\u2019 For [plaintiff] to succeed under the subservant theory, he must show [defendant] controlled or had the right to control his physical conduct on the job. It is not enough for him to merely show WFE was the railroad\u2019s agent, or that he was acting to fulfill the railroad\u2019s obligations; [defendant]\u2019s generalized oversight of [plaintiff], without physical control or the right to exercise physical control of his daily work is insufficient.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Schmidt v. Burlington Northern &amp; Santa Fe Ry.<\/span>\u00a0(9th Cir. 2010) 605 F.3d 686, 689\u2013690, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWhere the evidence of control is in dispute, the case should go to the jury.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Vanskike v. ACF Industries, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(8th Cir. 1981) 665 F.2d 188, 198, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn this case \u2026 the evidence of contacts between Southern Pacific employees and PMT employees may indicate, not direction or control, but rather the passing of information and the accommodation that is obviously required in a large and necessarily coordinated operation. The informal contacts between the two groups must assume a supervisory character before the PMT employees can be deemed pro hac vice employees of the railroad.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Kelley v. Southern Pacific Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1974) 419 U.S. 318, 330 [95 S.Ct. 472, 42 L.Ed.2d 498].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Restatement Second of Agency, section 220(1), defines a servant as \u201ca person employed to perform services in the affairs of another and who with respect to the physical conduct in the performance of the services is subject to the other\u2019s control or right to control.\u201d Section 220(2) lists various factors that are helpful in applying this definition:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(a)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">the extent of control which, by the agreement, the master may exercise over the details of the work;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(b)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">whether or not the one employed is engaged in a distinct occupation or business;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(c)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">the kind of occupation, with reference to whether, in the locality, the work is usually done under the direction of the employer or by a specialist without supervision;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(d)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">the skill required in the particular occupation;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(e)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">whether the employer or the workman supplies the instrumentalities, tools, and the place of work for the person doing the work;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(f)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">the length of time for which the person is employed;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(g)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">the method of payment, whether by the time or by the job;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(h)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">whether or not the work is a part of the regular business of the employer;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(i)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">whether or not the parties believe they are creating the relation of master and servant; and<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">(j)<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">whether the principal is or is not in business.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWhile [section 220] is directed primarily at determining whether a particular bilateral arrangement is properly characterized as a master-servant or independent contractor relationship, it can also be instructive in analyzing the three-party relationship between two employers and a worker.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Kelley v. Southern Pacific Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1974) 419 U.S. 318, 324 [95 S.Ct. 472, 42 L.Ed.2d 498].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn 2006 the Restatement (Second) of Agency was superseded by the Restatement (Third) of Agency, which uses \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019 rather than \u2018master\u2019 and \u2018servant,\u2019\u00a0Restatement (Third) of Agency, \u00a7\u20092.04, comment a, and defines an employee simply as a type of agent subject to a principal\u2019s control. Id., \u00a7\u20097.07(3)(a).\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Schmidt<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">supra<\/span>, 605 F.3d at p. 690, fn. 3.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>2 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Workers\u2019 Compensation, \u00a7\u2009126<\/div>\n<div>42\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 485,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Railroads<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009485.33\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-78myoi-d52b7f2c55bd1cb822c2a20ad8fff422 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5s9gle-465784ed779de3d57136f6a75776ce2d\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-5s9gle-465784ed779de3d57136f6a75776ce2d .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-5s9gle-465784ed779de3d57136f6a75776ce2d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1538","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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