{"id":1656,"date":"2021-10-25T03:52:57","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:52:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=1656"},"modified":"2022-05-07T15:45:17","modified_gmt":"2022-05-07T15:45:17","slug":"caci-3102a-employer-liability-for-enhanced-remedies-both-individual-and-employer-defendants-welf-inst-code-%c2%a7%c2%a7-15657-15657-05-civ-code-%c2%a7-3294b","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-3102a-employer-liability-for-enhanced-remedies-both-individual-and-employer-defendants-welf-inst-code-%c2%a7%c2%a7-15657-15657-05-civ-code-%c2%a7-3294b\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 3102A Employer Liability for Enhanced Remedies\u2014Both Individual and Employer Defendants (Welf. &#038; Inst. Code, \u00a7\u00a7\u200915657, 15657.05; Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20093294(b))"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv0k2648-a99a9bd207ddea0d23a237ec801e0f6d\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kv0k2648-a99a9bd207ddea0d23a237ec801e0f6d{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kv0k2648-a99a9bd207ddea0d23a237ec801e0f6d .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kv0k2648-a99a9bd207ddea0d23a237ec801e0f6d .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kv0k2648-a99a9bd207ddea0d23a237ec801e0f6d av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 3102A Employer Liability for Enhanced Remedies\u2014Both Individual and Employer Defendants (Welf. <span class='special_amp'>&amp;<\/span> Inst. Code, \u00a7\u00a7\u200915657, 15657.05; Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20093294(b))<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchform_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-color:#edae44;\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #s.av-input-field{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #searchsubmit{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.ajax_search_response.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7{\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nmargin:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv0k3elg-8593165290f5d1436f5f2eccdcfb993d\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kv0k3elg-8593165290f5d1436f5f2eccdcfb993d .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kv0k3elg-8593165290f5d1436f5f2eccdcfb993d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">3102A\u00a0Employer Liability for Enhanced Remedies\u2014Both Individual and Employer Defendants (Welf. &amp; Inst. Code, \u00a7\u00a7\u200915657, 15657.05; Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20093294(b))<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] also claims that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of employer defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] is responsible for [attorney fees and costs\/ [and] [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s pain and suffering before death]. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove by clear and convincing evidence [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert one or more of the following four options:<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of individual defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was an officer, a director, or a managing agent of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of employer defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] acting on behalf of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];] [or]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That an officer, a director, or a managing agent of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of employer defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] had advance knowledge of the unfitness of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of individual defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] and employed [him\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] with a knowing disregard of the rights or safety of others;] [or]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That an officer, a director, or a managing agent of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of employer defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] authorized [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of individual defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s conduct;] [or]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That an officer, a director, or a managing agent of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of employer defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] knew of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of individual defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s wrongful conduct and adopted or approved the conduct after it occurred.]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">An employee is a \u201cmanaging agent\u201d if the employee exercises substantial independent authority and judgment in corporate decisionmaking such that the employee\u2019s decisions ultimately determine corporate policy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[If [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] proves the above, I will decide the amount of attorney fees and costs.] <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Derived from former CACI No. 3102 October 2008; Revised April 2009, May 2020 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>This instruction should be given with\u00a0CACI No. 3104\u00a0(neglect),\u00a0CACI No. 3107\u00a0(physical abuse), or\u00a0CACI No. 3110\u00a0(abduction) if the plaintiff is seeking the enhanced remedies of attorney fees and costs and\/or damages for a decedent\u2019s pain and suffering against an employer and the employee is also a defendant. (See\u00a0Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20093294(b)\u00a0Welf. &amp; Inst. Code, \u00a7\u00a7\u200915657(c),\u00a015657.05.) If the employer is the only defendant, give\u00a0CACI No. 3102B,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Employer Liability for Enhanced Remedies\u2014Employer Defendant Only<\/span>. The requirements of\u00a0Civil Code section 3294(b)\u00a0need not be met in order to obtain enhanced remedies from an employer for financial abuse. (See\u00a0Welf. &amp; Inst. Code, \u00a7\u200915657.5(c).)<\/p>\n<p>The instructions in this series are not intended to cover every circumstance in which a plaintiff may bring a cause of action under the Elder Abuse and Dependent Adult Civil Protection Act. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Enhanced Remedies for Physical Abuse, Neglect, or Abandonment.\u00a0Welfare and Institutions Code section 15657.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Enhanced Remedies Against Employer Based on Acts of Employee.\u00a0Welfare and Institutions Code section 15657.5(c).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Enhanced Remedies for Abduction.\u00a0Welfare and Institutions Code section 15657.05.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Punitive Damages Against Employer.\u00a0Civil Code section 3294(b).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[A] finding of ratification of [agent\u2019s] actions by [employer], and any other findings made under\u00a0Civil Code section 3294, subdivision (b), must be made by clear and convincing evidence.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Barton v. Alexander Hamilton Life Ins. Co. of America<\/span>\u00a0(2003) 110 Cal.App.4th 1640, 1644 [3 Cal.Rptr.3d 258].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe purpose of the [Elder Abuse Act] is essentially to protect a particularly vulnerable portion of the population from gross mistreatment in the form of abuse and custodial neglect.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Delaney v. Baker<\/span>\u00a0(1999) 20 Cal.4th 23, 33 [82 Cal.Rptr.2d 610, 971 P.2d 986].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn order to obtain the remedies available in section 15657, a plaintiff must demonstrate by clear and convincing evidence that defendant is guilty of something more than negligence; he or she must show reckless, oppressive, fraudulent, or malicious conduct. The latter three categories involve \u2018intentional,\u2019 \u2018willful,\u2019 or \u2018conscious\u2019 wrongdoing of a \u2018despicable\u2019 or \u2018injurious\u2019 nature. \u2018Recklessness\u2019 refers to a subjective state of culpability greater than simple negligence, which has been described as a \u2018deliberate disregard\u2019 of the \u2018high degree of probability\u2019 that an injury will occur. Recklessness, unlike negligence, involves more than \u2018inadvertence, incompetence, unskillfulness, or a failure to take precautions\u2019 but rather rises to the level of a \u2018conscious choice of a course of action \u2026 with knowledge of the serious danger to others involved in it.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Delaney, supra,<\/span>\u00a020 Cal.4th at pp. 31\u201332, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cAs amended in 1991, the Elder Abuse Act was designed to protect elderly and dependent persons from abuse, neglect, or abandonment. In addition to adopting measures designed to encourage reporting of abuse and neglect, the Act authorizes the court to award attorney fees to the prevailing plaintiffs and allows survivors to recover pain and suffering damages in cases of intentional and reckless abuse where the elder has died.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Mack v. Soung<\/span>\u00a0(2000) 80 Cal.App.4th 966, 971\u2013972 [95 Cal.Rptr.2d 830], disapproved on other grounds in\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Winn v. Pioneer Medical Group, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(2016) 63 Cal.4th 148, 164 [202 Cal.Rptr.3d 447, 370 P.3d 1011], internal citations omitted.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>6 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Torts, \u00a7\u00a7\u20091865\u20131871<\/div>\n<div>Balisok, Civil Litigation Series: Elder Abuse Litigation, \u00a7\u00a7\u20099:1, 9:67, 10:1 (The Rutter Group)<\/div>\n<div>California Elder Law Litigation (Cont.Ed.Bar 2003) \u00a7\u00a7\u20096.41\u20136.44<\/div>\n<div>1\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 5,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Abuse of Minors and Elderly<\/span>, \u00a7\u20095.35\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-872w48-6d5909c17279cfcbdceda979a50b06bc hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-209l4-cf664fbc9b7abcabbd7c0f095938d207\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-209l4-cf664fbc9b7abcabbd7c0f095938d207 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-209l4-cf664fbc9b7abcabbd7c0f095938d207 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1656","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CACI 3102A Employer Liability for Enhanced Remedies\u2014Both Individual and Employer Defendants (Welf. &amp; Inst. 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