{"id":1896,"date":"2021-10-25T03:56:04","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:56:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=1896"},"modified":"2022-05-09T19:03:18","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T19:03:18","slug":"caci-4101-failure-to-use-reasonable-care-essential-factual-elements","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-4101-failure-to-use-reasonable-care-essential-factual-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 4101 Failure to Use Reasonable Care\u2014Essential Factual Elements"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv2auvgs-2c852bb6ddcd09a65cdaf25f80e31fd6\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kv2auvgs-2c852bb6ddcd09a65cdaf25f80e31fd6{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kv2auvgs-2c852bb6ddcd09a65cdaf25f80e31fd6 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kv2auvgs-2c852bb6ddcd09a65cdaf25f80e31fd6 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kv2auvgs-2c852bb6ddcd09a65cdaf25f80e31fd6 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 4101 Failure to Use Reasonable Care\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" 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action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv2aw8bl-9fbe64f7e03c34463e9bec97932cf322\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kv2aw8bl-9fbe64f7e03c34463e9bec97932cf322 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kv2aw8bl-9fbe64f7e03c34463e9bec97932cf322 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">4101\u00a0Failure to Use Reasonable Care\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\/it] was harmed by [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s breach of the fiduciary duty to use reasonable care. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s [agent\/stockbroker\/real estate agent\/real estate broker\/corporate officer\/partner\/[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert other fiduciary relationship<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] acted on [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s behalf for purposes of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert description of transaction, e.g., \u201cpurchasing a residential property\u201d<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] failed to act as a reasonably careful [agent\/stockbroker\/real estate agent\/real estate broker\/corporate officer\/partner\/[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert other fiduciary relationship<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]] would have acted under the same or similar circumstances;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was harmed; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">5.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s conduct was a substantial factor in causing [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s harm. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New June 2006 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>The instructions in this series are intended for lawsuits brought by or on behalf of the principal. They also assume that the plaintiff is bringing a legal cause of action, not an action in equity. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Van de Kamp v. Bank of America<\/span>\u00a0(1988) 204 Cal.App.3d 819 [251 Cal.Rptr. 530].) This instruction is not intended for cases involving insurance brokers or agents.<\/p>\n<p>In appropriate cases, element 3 may be tailored to reflect the particular fiduciary duty at issue.<\/p>\n<p>For a breach of fiduciary duty instruction in cases involving attorney defendants, see\u00a0CACI No.\u20024106,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Breach of Fiduciary Duty by Attorney\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>While the advisory committee has not included \u201cemployee\u201d as an option for identifying the defendant agent in element 1, there may be cases in which certain employees qualify as \u201cagents,\u201d thereby subjecting them to liability for breach of fiduciary duty. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cA fiduciary relationship is \u2018\u2009\u201c\u2009\u2018any relation existing between parties to a transaction wherein one of the parties is in duty bound to act with the utmost good faith for the benefit of the other party. Such a relation ordinarily arises where a confidence is reposed by one person in the integrity of another, and in such a relation the party in whom the confidence is reposed, if he voluntarily accepts or assumes to accept the confidence, can take no advantage from his acts relating to the interest of the other party without the latter\u2019s knowledge or consent. \u2026\u2019\u2009\u201d\u2009\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Wolf v. Superior Court<\/span>\u00a0(2003) 107 Cal.App.4th 25, 29 [130 Cal.Rptr.2d 860], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cAn act such as breach of fiduciary duty may be both a breach of contract and a tort.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Kangarlou v. Progressive Title Co., Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(2005) 128 Cal.App.4th 1174, 1178 [27 Cal.Rptr.3d 754], internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cBreach of a real estate agent\u2019s fiduciary duty to his or her client may constitute negligence or fraud, depending on the circumstances of the case.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Salahutdin v. Valley of California, Inc<\/span>. (1994) 24 Cal.App.4th 555, 563 [29 Cal.Rptr.2d 463].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cBreach of fiduciary duty is a tort that by definition may be committed by only a limited class of persons.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">1-<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">800 Contacts, Inc. v. Steinberg<\/span>\u00a0(2003) 107 Cal.App.4th 568, 592 [132 Cal.Rptr.2d 789].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cTraditional examples of fiduciary relationships in the commercial context include trustee\/beneficiary, directors and majority shareholders of a corporation, business partners, joint adventurers, and agent\/principal.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Wolf, supra,<\/span>\u00a0107 Cal.App.4th at p. 30, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018The relationship between a broker and principal is fiduciary in nature and imposes on the broker the duty of acting in the highest good faith toward the principal.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Twomey v. Mitchum, Jones &amp; Templeton, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(1968) 262 Cal.App.2d 690, 709 [69 Cal.Rptr. 222], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cA stockbroker\u2019s fiduciary duty requires more than merely carrying out the stated objectives of the customer; at least where there is evidence, as there certainly was here, that the stockbroker\u2019s recommendations were invariably followed, the stockbroker must \u2018determine the customer\u2019s actual financial situation and needs.\u2019 If it would be improper and unsuitable to carry out the speculative objectives expressed by the customer, there is a further obligation on the part of the stockbroker \u2018to make this known to [the customer], and [to] refrain from acting except upon [the customer\u2019s] express orders.\u2019 Under such circumstances, although the stockbroker can advise the customer about the speculative options available, he or she should not solicit the customer\u2019s purchase of any such speculative securities that would be beyond the customer\u2019s \u2018risk threshold.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Duffy v. Cavalier<\/span>\u00a0(1989) 215 Cal.App.3d 1517, 1538 [264 Cal.Rptr. 740], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cReal estate brokers are subject to two sets of duties: those imposed by regulatory statutes, and those arising from the general law of agency. \u2026 \u2018The existence and extent of the duties of the agent to the principal are determined by the terms of the agreement between the parties, interpreted in light of the circumstances under which it is made, except to the extent that fraud, duress, illegality, or the incapacity of one or both of the parties to the agreement modifies it or deprives it of legal effect.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Carleton v. Tortosa<\/span>\u00a0(1993) 14 Cal.App.4th 745, 755 [17 Cal. Rptr. 2d 734], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn order to plead a cause of action for breach of fiduciary duty against a trustee, the plaintiff must show the existence of a fiduciary relationship, its breach, and damage proximately caused by that breach; the absence of any one of these elements is fatal to the cause of action. The beneficiary of the trust has the initial burden of proving the existence of a fiduciary duty and the trustee\u2019s failure to perform it; the burden then shifts to the trustee to justify its actions.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">LaMonte v. Sanwa Bank California<\/span>\u00a0(1996) 45 Cal.App.4th 509, 517 [52 Cal.Rptr.2d 861], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cRecovery for damages based upon breach of fiduciary duty is controlled by\u00a0Civil Code section 3333, the traditional tort recovery. This is actually broader in some instances than damages which may be recovered for fraud. Also, punitive damages are appropriate for a breach of fiduciary duty.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Michelson v. Hamada<\/span>\u00a0(1994) 29 Cal.App.4th 1566, 1582 [36 Cal.Rptr.2d 343], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWhile breach of fiduciary duty is a question of fact, the existence of legal duty in the first instance and its scope are questions of law.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Kirschner Brothers Oil, Inc. v. Natomas Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1986) 185 Cal.App.3d 784, 790 [229 Cal.Rptr. 899], internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[I]n actions against fiduciaries, a plaintiff may have the option of pursuing either legal or equitable remedies.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Van de Kamp v. Bank of America<\/span>\u00a0(1988) 204 Cal.App.3d 819, 863 [251 Cal.Rptr. 530].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cA minority shareholder\u2019s action for damages for the breach of fiduciary duties of the majority shareholder is one in equity, with no right to a jury trial.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Nelson v. Anderson<\/span>\u00a0(1999) 72 Cal.App.4th 111, 122 [84 Cal.Rptr.2d 753], internal citations omitted.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>3 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Agency and Employment, \u00a7\u200970<\/div>\n<div>10\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 103,<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">\u00a0Brokers<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009103.31[2]\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>37\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 427,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Principal and Agent<\/span>\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>Miller &amp; Starr, California Real Estate 4th, \u00a7\u20093:26 (Thomson Reuters)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-7d9ibs-db56274367306be9118613bff2b31609 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-56e03s-bc030f5fd85aaaa56e8fa39ebb99ec93\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-56e03s-bc030f5fd85aaaa56e8fa39ebb99ec93 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-56e03s-bc030f5fd85aaaa56e8fa39ebb99ec93 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1896","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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