{"id":1943,"date":"2021-10-25T03:55:14","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:55:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=1943"},"modified":"2022-05-09T18:10:55","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T18:10:55","slug":"caci-3903q-survival-damages-economic-damage-code-civ-proc-%c2%a7-377-34","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-3903q-survival-damages-economic-damage-code-civ-proc-%c2%a7-377-34\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 3903Q Survival Damages (Economic Damage) (Code Civ. Proc., \u00a7\u2009377.34)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv26aiqv-1bf510c2a18e38024d522d5d0dfa5212\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kv26aiqv-1bf510c2a18e38024d522d5d0dfa5212{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kv26aiqv-1bf510c2a18e38024d522d5d0dfa5212 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kv26aiqv-1bf510c2a18e38024d522d5d0dfa5212 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kv26aiqv-1bf510c2a18e38024d522d5d0dfa5212 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 3903Q Survival Damages (Economic Damage) (Code Civ. Proc., \u00a7\u2009377.34)<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchform_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-color:#edae44;\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #s.av-input-field{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #searchsubmit{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.ajax_search_response.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7{\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nmargin:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv26bqyy-991734762298d5ca6b8c48175069cb05\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kv26bqyy-991734762298d5ca6b8c48175069cb05 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kv26bqyy-991734762298d5ca6b8c48175069cb05 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">3903Q\u00a0Survival Damages (Economic Damage) (Code Civ. Proc., \u00a7\u2009377.34)<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">If you decide that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] has proved [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claim against [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] for the death of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">], you must also decide the amount of damages that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] sustained before death and that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] would have been entitled to recover because of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s conduct[, including any [penalties\/ [or] punitive damages] as explained in the other instructions that I will give you].<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] may recover the following damages:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">The reasonable cost of reasonably necessary medical care that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] received;]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">The amount of [income\/earnings\/salary\/wages] that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] lost before death;]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">The reasonable cost of health care services that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] would have provided to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of family member<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] before [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s death;]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Specify other recoverable economic damage.<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">You may not award damages for any loss for [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of decedent<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s shortened life span attributable to [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] death. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New May 2019; Revised November 2019, May 2020 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>Give this instruction if a deceased person\u2019s estate claims survival damages for harm that the decedent incurred in the decedent\u2019s lifetime. This instruction addresses survival damages in a claim against a defendant who is alleged to have caused the decedent\u2019s death. However, survival damages are available for any claim incurred while alive, not just a claim based on the decedent\u2019s death. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">County of Los Angeles v. Superior Court<\/span>\u00a0(1999) 21 Cal.4th 292, 294 [87 Cal.Rptr.2d 441, 981 P.2d 68].) In a case that does not involve conduct that caused the decedent\u2019s death, modify the instruction to include the damages recoverable under the particular claim rather than the damages attributable to the death.<\/p>\n<p>Survival damages can include punitive damages and penalties. (See\u00a0Code Civ. Proc., \u00a7\u2009377.34.) Include the bracketed language in the last sentence of the opening paragraph if either or both are sought. If punitive damages are claimed, give the appropriate instruction from\u00a0CACI Nos. 3940\u20133949.<\/p>\n<p>If items 1 and 2 are given, do not also give\u00a0CACI No. 3903A,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Medical Expenses\u2014Past and Future (Economic Damages)<\/span>, and\u00a0CACI No. 3903C,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Past and Future Lost Earnings (Economic Damages),<\/span>\u00a0as the future damages parts of those instructions are not applicable. Other 3903 group instructions may be omitted if their items of damages are included under item 3 and must not be given if they include future damages.<\/p>\n<p>Damages for pain, suffering, or disfigurement are not recoverable in a survival action except at times in an elder abuse case. (Code Civ. Proc., \u00a7\u2009377.34; see\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Quiroz v. Seventh Ave. Center<\/span>\u00a0(2006) 140 Cal.App.4th 1256, 1265 [45 Cal.Rptr.3d 222]; see also instructions in the 3100 Series, Elder Abuse and Dependent Adult Civil Protection Act.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Survival Damages.\u00a0Code of Civil Procedure section 377.34.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn California, \u2018a cause of action for or against a person is not lost by reason of the person\u2019s death\u2019 and no \u2018pending action \u2026 abate[s] by the death of a party \u2026\u2019 In a survival action by the deceased plaintiff\u2019s estate, the damages recoverable expressly exclude \u2018damages for pain, suffering, or disfigurement.\u2019 They do, however, include all \u2018loss or damage that the decedent sustained or incurred before death, including any penalties or punitive or exemplary damages.\u2019 Thus, under California\u2019s survival law, an estate can recover not only the deceased plaintiff\u2019s lost wages, medical expenses, and any other pecuniary losses incurred before death, but also punitive or exemplary damages.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">County of Los Angeles, supra,<\/span>\u00a021 Cal.4th at pp. 303\u2013304, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe first category consists of the reasonable value of nursing and other services that Decedent would have provided to his wife prior to his death, but was unable to provide due to his illness (replacement care). Again, [defendant] does not contest the recoverability of such damages here. Nor did it below. Such damages are recoverable. (See \u2026\u00a0CACI No. 3903E\u00a0[\u201cLoss of Ability to Provide Household Services (Economic Damage)\u201d].)\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Williams v. The Pep Boys Manny Moe &amp; Jack of California<\/span>\u00a0(2018) 27 Cal.App.5th 225, 238 [238 Cal.Rptr.3d 809], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe second category requires more discussion. That consists of the reasonable value of 24-hour nursing care that Decedent\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">would have provided<\/span>\u00a0to his wife\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">after<\/span>\u00a0his death and before she passed away in 2014, nearly four years later. As appellants explain this claim, \u2018to the extent his children were forced to provide gratuitous home health care and other household services to [wife] up to the time of her death, [Decedent\u2019s] estate is also entitled to recover those costs as damages since he had been providing those services for his wife before he died.\u2019 \u2026 The parties disagree as to whether such damages are recoverable. Appellants contend that they are properly recovered as \u2018\u2009\u201clost years\u201d damages,\u2019 representing economic losses the decedent incurred during the period by which his life expectancy was shortened; [defendant], in contrast, contends that they are not recoverable because they were not \u2018sustained or incurred before death,\u2019 as required by section 377.34. We conclude that [defendant] has the better argument.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Williams, supra,<\/span>\u00a027 Cal.App.5th at p. 238, original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cBy expressly authorizing recovery of only penalties or punitive damages that the decedent would have been entitled to recover had the decedent lived, the Legislature necessarily implied that\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">other<\/span>\u00a0categories of damages that the decedent would have been entitled to recover had the decedent lived would not be recoverable in a survival action.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Williams, supra,<\/span>\u00a027 Cal.App.5th at p. 239, original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn survival actions, \u2026 damages are narrowly limited to \u2018the loss or damage that the decedent sustained or incurred before death\u2019, which by definition excludes future damages. For a trial court to award \u2018\u2009\u201clost years\u201d damages\u2019 in a survival action\u2014that is, damages for \u2018loss of future economic benefits that [a decedent] would have earned during the period by which his life expectancy was shortened\u2019\u2014would collapse this fundamental distinction and render the plain language of 377.34 meaningless.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Williams, supra,<\/span>\u00a027 Cal.App.5th at p. 240, original italics, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe same conclusion [that they are not recoverable in a survival action] would seem to follow as to the trial court\u2019s award of damages for the value of Decedent\u2019s lost pension benefits and Social Security benefits.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Williams, supra,<\/span>\u00a027 Cal.App.5th at p. 240, fn. 21.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[T]here is at least one exception to the rule that damages for the decedent\u2019s predeath pain and suffering are not recoverable in a survivor action. Such damages are expressly recoverable in a survivor action under the Elder Abuse Act if certain conditions are met.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Quiroz, supra,<\/span>\u00a0140 Cal.App.4th at p. 1265.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>5 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Torts, \u00a7\u200927<\/div>\n<div>4 Levy et al.,\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 55,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Death and Survival Actions<\/span>, \u00a7\u200955.21\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>15\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 181,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Death and Survival Actions<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009181.45\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>6\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 66,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Death and Survival Actions<\/span>, \u00a7\u200966.63 et seq.\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-7l82pz-c1e713ba4a02150ca6b60ffc5d40a600 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-65tamv-127d4f546c0053c7b15728cc00db1c31\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-65tamv-127d4f546c0053c7b15728cc00db1c31 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-65tamv-127d4f546c0053c7b15728cc00db1c31 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1943","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CACI 3903Q Survival Damages (Economic Damage) (Code Civ. 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