{"id":2298,"date":"2021-10-25T03:57:43","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:57:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=2298"},"modified":"2022-05-09T21:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T21:00:00","slug":"caci-4910-violation-of-homeowner-bill-of-rights-essential-factual-elements-civ-code-%c2%a7-2924-12b","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-4910-violation-of-homeowner-bill-of-rights-essential-factual-elements-civ-code-%c2%a7-2924-12b\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 4910 Violation of Homeowner Bill of Rights\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20092924.12(b))"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv3ipea7-4f6e22b54a4caed421755513875f5ca3\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kv3ipea7-4f6e22b54a4caed421755513875f5ca3{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kv3ipea7-4f6e22b54a4caed421755513875f5ca3 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kv3ipea7-4f6e22b54a4caed421755513875f5ca3 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kv3ipea7-4f6e22b54a4caed421755513875f5ca3 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 4910 Violation of Homeowner Bill of Rights\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20092924.12(b))<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchform_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-color:#edae44;\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #s.av-input-field{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #searchsubmit{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.ajax_search_response.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7{\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nmargin:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv3iqk04-ef9bc3533a0b0df2a25ff4abc6d9bb2d\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kv3iqk04-ef9bc3533a0b0df2a25ff4abc6d9bb2d .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kv3iqk04-ef9bc3533a0b0df2a25ff4abc6d9bb2d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">4910\u00a0Violation of Homeowner Bill of Rights\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20092924.12(b))<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] has been harmed because of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify, e.g., foreclosure sale of [his\/her\/nonbinary pronoun] home<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify one or more violations of the Homeowner\u00a0Bill of Rights\u00a0in\u00a0Civil Code sections 2923.55,\u00a02923.6,\u00a02923.7,\u00a02924.9,\u00a02924.10,\u00a02924.11, or\u00a02924.17<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was harmed; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s actions were a substantial factor in causing [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s harm.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">The violation claimed by [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must have been \u201cmaterial,\u201d which means that it was significant or important. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New November 2019 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>Give this instruction in a case claiming a violation of the Homeowner\u00a0Bill of Rights\u00a0(the HBOR). (Civ. Code, \u00a7\u00a7\u20092920.5,\u00a02923.4\u20132923.7,\u00a02924,\u00a02924.9\u20132924.12,\u00a02924.15,\u00a02924.17\u20132924.20). The HBOR provides for a homeowner\u2019s civil action for actual economic damages against a mortgage servicer, mortgagee, trustee, beneficiary, or authorized agent for a material violation of specified provisions of the HBOR. (Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20092924.12(b); see\u00a0Civ. Code, \u00a7\u00a7\u20092923.55,\u00a02923.6,\u00a02923.7,\u00a02924.9,\u00a02924.10,\u00a02924.11,\u00a02924.17.) In element 1, insert the specific violation(s) alleged.<\/p>\n<p>For a violation that is intentional or reckless, or resulted from willful misconduct, there is a penalty of the greater of treble actual damages or $50,000. (Civ. Code, \u00a7\u20092924.12(b).) These terms are not further defined in the HBOR. If the plaintiff seeks a penalty, an additional element should be added to require an intentional or reckless violation or willful misconduct. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Action for Damages Under Homeowner\u00a0Bill of Rights.\u00a0Civil Code section 2924.12(b).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Preforeclosure Requirements.\u00a0Civil Code section 2923.55.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cDual Tracking\u201d Prohibited.\u00a0Civil Code section 2923.6.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Single Point of Contact Required.\u00a0Civil Code section 2923.7.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Written Notice to Borrower on Recording of Notice of Default.\u00a0Civil Code section 2924.9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Written Acknowledgment of Receipt of Loan Modification Application.\u00a0Civil Code section 2924.10.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Approved Foreclosure Prevention Alternative; Prohibition Against Recording Notice of Default or Sale or Conducting Trustee Sale; Rescission or Cancellation.\u00a0Civil Code section 2924.11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Recording Inaccurate Title Document.\u00a0Civil Code section 2924.17.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe Homeowner\u00a0Bill of Rights\u00a0(Civ. Code, \u00a7\u00a7\u20092920.5,\u00a02923.4\u20132923.7,\u00a02924,\u00a02924.9\u20132924.12,\u00a02924.15,\u00a02924.17\u20132924.20) (HBOR), effective January 1, 2013, was enacted \u2018to ensure that, as part of the nonjudicial foreclosure process, borrowers are considered for, and have a meaningful opportunity to obtain, available loss mitigation options, if any, offered by or through the borrower\u2019s mortgage servicer, such as loan modifications or other alternatives to foreclosure.\u2019 (\u00a7\u20092923.4, subd. (a).) Among other things, HBOR prohibits \u2018dual tracking,\u2019 which occurs when a bank forecloses on a loan while negotiating with the borrower to avoid foreclosure. (See \u00a7\u20092923.6.) HBOR provides for injunctive relief for statutory violations that occur prior to foreclosure (\u00a7\u20092924.12, subd. (a)), and monetary damages when the borrower seeks relief for violations after the foreclosure sale has occurred (\u00a7\u20092924.12, subd. (b)).\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Valbuena v. Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC<\/span>\u00a0(2015) 237 Cal.App.4th 1267, 1272 [188 Cal.Rptr.3d 668].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cA material violation found by the court to be intentional or reckless, or to result from willful misconduct, may result in a trebling of actual damages or statutory damages of $50,000. \u2018A court may award a prevailing borrower reasonable attorney\u2019s fees and costs in an action brought pursuant to this section.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Valbuena, supra<\/span>, 237 Cal.App.4th at p. 1273, internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cNothing in the language of HBOR suggests that a borrower must tender the loan balance before filing suit based on a violation of the requirements of the law. Indeed, such a requirement would completely eviscerate the remedial provisions of the statute.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Valbuena, supra<\/span>, 237 Cal.App.4th at p. 1273.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWe disagree with the [plaintiffs\u2019] assertion that \u2018contacts\u2019 between the lender or its agent and the borrow [sic] must be initiated by the lender or its agent in order to comply with former section 2923.55, and that any telephone calls initiated by the [plaintiffs], and not by [the loan servicer], in which the [plaintiffs\u2019] financial situation and alternatives to foreclosure were discussed, cannot constitute compliance with former section 2923.55. The language of the statute does not require that a lender initiate the contact; rather, the statute requires only that the lender make contact in some manner and provide the borrower with an opportunity to discuss the borrower\u2019s financial situation and possible options for avoiding foreclosure.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Schmidt v. Citibank, N.A<\/span>. (2018) 28 Cal.App.5th 1109, 1122 [239 Cal.Rptr.3d 648], original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWe conclude that a borrower who obtains a TRO enjoining the trustee\u2019s sale of his or her home is a \u2018prevailing borrower\u2019 within the meaning of section 2924.12, subdivision (h), and therefore may recover attorney fees and costs. The text of the statute refers to \u2018injunctive relief,\u2019 which plainly includes a TRO. The statute makes no exception for temporary injunctions. Thus, under the plain language of the statute, a trial court is authorized, in its discretion, to award attorney fees and costs to such a borrower.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Bustos v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.<\/span>\u00a0(2019) 39 Cal.App.5th 369, 380 [252 Cal.Rptr.3d 172].) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>Greenwald et al., California Practice Guide: Real Property Transactions, Ch. 6-I,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Real Property Foreclosures and Antideficiency Laws<\/span>, \u00b6\u20096:511.1 et seq. (The Rutter Group)<\/div>\n<div>5\u00a0California Real Estate Law and Practice, Ch. 123,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Nonjudicial Disclosure<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009123.08C\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>48\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 555,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Trust Deeds and Real Property Mortgages<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009555.51C\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>10\u00a0California Legal Forms Transaction Guide, Ch. 25D, Foreclosure, \u00a7\u200925D.34\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-7vk622-db5a2f74b15e1a741ef3009b61d2a492 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5mh56i-fab71b49e6894efc7071a7901e5315af\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-5mh56i-fab71b49e6894efc7071a7901e5315af .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-5mh56i-fab71b49e6894efc7071a7901e5315af '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2298","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CACI 4910 Violation of Homeowner Bill of Rights\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Civ. 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