{"id":2308,"date":"2021-10-25T03:57:42","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:57:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=2308"},"modified":"2022-05-09T20:50:36","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T20:50:36","slug":"caci-4605-whistleblower-protection-health-or-safety-complaint-essential-factual-elements-lab-code-%c2%a7-6310","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-4605-whistleblower-protection-health-or-safety-complaint-essential-factual-elements-lab-code-%c2%a7-6310\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 4605 Whistleblower Protection\u2014Health or Safety Complaint\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20096310)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv3i2eqp-76bcc62330f64b1e62f8326084fbdc41\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kv3i2eqp-76bcc62330f64b1e62f8326084fbdc41{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kv3i2eqp-76bcc62330f64b1e62f8326084fbdc41 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kv3i2eqp-76bcc62330f64b1e62f8326084fbdc41 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kv3i2eqp-76bcc62330f64b1e62f8326084fbdc41 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 4605 Whistleblower Protection\u2014Health or Safety Complaint\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20096310)<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchform_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-color:#edae44;\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #s.av-input-field{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #searchsubmit{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.ajax_search_response.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7{\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nmargin:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv3i3nj9-f167c0b9cc37018597c48e797b3622cf\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kv3i3nj9-f167c0b9cc37018597c48e797b3622cf .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kv3i3nj9-f167c0b9cc37018597c48e797b3622cf '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">4605\u00a0Whistleblower Protection\u2014Health or Safety Complaint\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20096310)<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] [discharged\/[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">other adverse employment action<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]] [him\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] in retaliation for [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify, e.g., complaint to the Division of Occupational Safety and Health regarding unsafe working conditions<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]. In order to establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was an employee of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">], on [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] own behalf or on behalf of others, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">select one or more of the following options:<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[made [an oral\/a written] complaint to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify to whom complaint was directed, e.g., the Division of Occupational Safety and Health<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] regarding [unsafe\/unhealthy] working conditions;]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[[initiated a proceeding\/caused a proceeding to be initiated] relating to [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\u00a0[or] another person\u2019s] rights to workplace health or safety;]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[[testified\/was about to testify] in a proceeding related to [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\u00a0[or] another person\u2019s] rights to workplace health or safety;]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[exercised [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\u00a0[or] another person\u2019s] rights to workplace health or safety;]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[participated in a workplace health and safety committee;]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[reported a work-related fatality, injury, or illness;]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[requested access to occupational injury or illness reports and records;]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[exercised [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify other right(s) protected by the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] [discharged\/[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">other adverse employment action<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]] [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was a substantial motivating reason for [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s decision to [discharge\/[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">other adverse employment action<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]] [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">5.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was harmed; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">6.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s conduct was a substantial factor in causing [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s harm. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New December 2015; Revised December 2016, May 2018 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>Use this instruction for a whistleblower claim under\u00a0Labor Code section 6310\u00a0for employer retaliation for an employee\u2019s, or an employee\u2019s family member\u2019s, complaint or other protected activity about health or safety conditions. Select the appropriate statutorily protected activity in element 2 and summarize it in the introductory paragraph. (See\u00a0Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20096310(a), (c).)<\/p>\n<p>With regard to the first option in element 2, the complaint must have been made to (1) the Division of Occupational Safety and Health, (2) to another governmental agencies having statutory responsibility for or assisting the division with reference to employee safety or health, (3) to the employer, or (4) to the employee\u2019s representative. (Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20096310(a)(1).)<\/p>\n<p>The statute requires that the employee\u2019s complaint be \u201cbona fide.\u201d (See\u00a0Lab. Code, \u00a7\u20096310(b).) There appears to be a split of authority as to whether \u201cbona fide\u201d means that there must be an actual health or safety violation or only that the employee have a good-faith belief that there are violations. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Touchstone Television Productions v. Superior Court<\/span>\u00a0(2012) 208 Cal.App.4th 676, 682, fn. 5 [145 Cal.Rptr.3d 766].) The instruction should be modified if the court decides to instruct one way or the other on the meaning of \u201cbona fide.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Note that element 4 uses the term \u201csubstantial motivating reason\u201d to express both intent and causation between the employee\u2019s protected conduct and the defendant\u2019s adverse action. \u201cSubstantial motivating reason\u201d has been held to be the appropriate standard under the Fair Employment and Housing Act to address the possibility of both discriminatory and nondiscriminatory motives. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Harris v. City of Santa Monica<\/span>\u00a0(2013) 56 Cal.4th 203, 232 [152 Cal.Rptr.3d 392, 294 P.3d 49];\u00a0CACI No. 2507,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">\u201cSubstantial Motivating Reason\u201d Explained.<\/span>) Whether the FEHA standard applies under\u00a0Labor Code section 6310\u00a0has not been addressed by the courts. There is authority for a \u201cbut for\u201d causation standard instead of \u201csubstantial motivating reason.\u201d (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Touchstone Television Productions, supra<\/span>, 208 Cal.App.4th at pp. 681\u2013682.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Whistleblower Protection for Report of Health or Safety Violation.\u00a0Labor Code section 6310.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cDivision\u201d Defined.\u00a0Labor Code section 6302(d).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[Plaintiff]\u2019s action is brought under section 6310, subdivision (a)(1), which prohibits an employer from discriminating against an employee who makes \u2018any oral or written complaint.\u2019 Subdivision (b) provides that \u2018[a]ny employee who is discharged, threatened with discharge, demoted, suspended, or in any other manner discriminated against in the terms and conditions of employment by his or her employer because the employee has made a bona fide oral or written complaint to \u2026 his or her employer \u2026 of unsafe working conditions, or work practices \u2026 shall be entitled to reinstatement and reimbursement for lost wages and work benefits caused by the acts of the employer.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Sheridan v. Touchstone Television Productions, LLC<\/span>\u00a0(2015) 241 Cal.App.4th 508, 512 [193 Cal.Rptr.3d 811].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[T]he plaintiff did not lack a remedy: she could sue under section 6310, subdivision (b) which permits \u2018an action for damages if the employee is discharged, threatened with discharge, or discriminated against by his or her employer because of the employee\u2019s complaints about unsafe work conditions. Here, it is alleged that [the defendant] discriminated against [the plaintiff] by not renewing her employment contract.\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">To prevail on the claim, she must prove that, but for her complaints about unsafe work conditions, [the defendant] would have renewed the employment contract. Damages, however, are limited to \u201clost wages and work benefits caused by the acts of the employer.<\/span>\u201d\u2009\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Touchstone Television Productions, supra<\/span>, 208 Cal.App.4th at pp. 681\u2013682, original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe voicing of a fear about one\u2019s safety in the workplace does not necessarily constitute a complaint about unsafe working conditions under\u00a0Labor Code section 6310. [Plaintiff]\u2019s declaration shows only that she became frightened for her safety as a result of her unfortunate experience \u2026 and expressed her fear to [defendant]; it is not evidence that the \u2026 office where she worked was actually unsafe within the meaning of\u00a0Labor Code sections 6310\u00a0and\u00a06402. Hence, [plaintiff]\u2019s declaration fails to raise a triable issue of fact as to whether she was terminated for complaining to [defendant] about unsafe working conditions in violation of\u00a0Labor Code section 6310.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Muller v. Auto. Club of So. Cal.<\/span>\u00a0(1998) 61 Cal.App.4th 431, 452 [71 Cal.Rptr.2d 573], disapproved on other grounds in\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Colmenares v. Braemar Country Club, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(2003) 29 Cal.4th 1019, 1031, fn. 6 [130 Cal.Rptr.2d 662, 63 P.3d 220].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cCiting\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Muller v. Automobile Club of So. California<\/span>\u00a0(1998) 61 Cal.App.4th 431, 452 [71 Cal.Rptr.2d 573], defendants assert plaintiff\u2019s causes of action based on section 6310 must fail because an essential element of a section 6310 violation is that the workplace must actually be unsafe. We first note that the\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Muller<\/span>\u00a0court cites no authority for this assertion. It appears to contradict Justice\u00a0Grodin\u2019s pronouncement that \u2018\u2026 an employee is protected against discharge or discrimination for complaining in good faith about working conditions or practices which he reasonably believes to be unsafe, whether or not there exists at the time of the complaint an OSHA standard or order which is being violated.\u2019 We agree that an employee must be protected against discharge for a good faith complaint about working conditions which he believes to be unsafe.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Cabesuela v. Browning-Ferris Indus.<\/span>\u00a0(1998) 68 Cal.App.4th 101, 109 [80 Cal.Rptr.2d 60], internal citation omitted.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>3 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Agency and Employment, \u00a7\u2009405<\/div>\n<div>2\u00a0Wilcox, California Employment Law, Ch. 21,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Occupational Health and Safety Regulation<\/span>, \u00a7\u200921.20\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>3\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 40A,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Wrongful Termination<\/span>, \u00a7\u200940A.30\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>21\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 249,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Employment Law: Termination and Discipline<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009249.15\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>10\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 100,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Employer and Employee: Wrongful Termination and Discipline<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009100.42 et seq.\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-7kxd78-8063fcdf962d836b305e51dc76fb1cad hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5muv0k-9f6827f494b9b82c02d7df2beb3eef31\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-5muv0k-9f6827f494b9b82c02d7df2beb3eef31 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-5muv0k-9f6827f494b9b82c02d7df2beb3eef31 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2308","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CACI 4605 Whistleblower Protection\u2014Health or Safety Complaint\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Lab. 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