{"id":2315,"date":"2021-10-25T03:57:42","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:57:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=2315"},"modified":"2022-05-09T20:56:52","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T20:56:52","slug":"caci-4800-false-claims-act-essential-factual-elements-gov-code-%c2%a7-12651","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-4800-false-claims-act-essential-factual-elements-gov-code-%c2%a7-12651\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 4800 False Claims Act\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Gov. Code, \u00a7\u200912651)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv3ifsr3-2e1d9b82426c33958f3405f2de24b6d9\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kv3ifsr3-2e1d9b82426c33958f3405f2de24b6d9{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kv3ifsr3-2e1d9b82426c33958f3405f2de24b6d9 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kv3ifsr3-2e1d9b82426c33958f3405f2de24b6d9 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kv3ifsr3-2e1d9b82426c33958f3405f2de24b6d9 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 4800 False Claims Act\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Gov. Code, \u00a7\u200912651)<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchform_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-color:#edae44;\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #s.av-input-field{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #searchsubmit{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.ajax_search_response.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7{\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nmargin:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv3ihtp0-559885dfc5802ea1b3c31a9edd9e6b8e\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kv3ihtp0-559885dfc5802ea1b3c31a9edd9e6b8e .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kv3ihtp0-559885dfc5802ea1b3c31a9edd9e6b8e '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\"><span class=\"highlighted 3a9e02ee-7f06-4d48-b520-0e54369ff30f 52791955-ce16-40ee-a88a-62703e88254c\">4800\u00a0False Claims Act\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Gov. Code, \u00a7\u200912651)<\/span><\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"highlighted 3a9e02ee-7f06-4d48-b520-0e54369ff30f 52791955-ce16-40ee-a88a-62703e88254c\">The California False Claims Act allows a public entity to recover damages from any person or entity that knowin<\/span>gly presents\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"> a false claim for payment or approval. [[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] is an individual who brings this action on behalf of [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of public entity<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">].] [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of public entity<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] is a public entity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] presented a false claim to [it\/<\/span>[<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of public entity<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]] for payment or approval. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] knowingly presented or caused to be presented a false or fraudulent claim to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of public entity<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] for payment or approval;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That the claim was false or fraudulent in that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify reason, e.g., [name of defendant] did not actually perform the work for which payment or approval was sought<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s false or fraudulent claim was material to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of public entity<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s decision to pay out money to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">].<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\u201cKnowingly\u201d means that with respect to information about the claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">had actual knowledge that the information was false; or<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">acted in deliberate ignorance of the truth or falsity of the information; or<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">acted in reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the information.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">Proof of specific intent to defraud is not required.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\u201cMaterial\u201d means that the claim had a natural tendency to influence, or was capable of influencing, the payment or receipt of [money\/property\/services] on the claim. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New May 2018 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>An action under the False Claims Act (Gov. Code, \u00a7\u200912650 et seq.) may be brought by the attorney general if state funds are involved, the public entity that claims to have paid out money on a false claim, or by a private person acting as a \u201cqui tam\u201d plaintiff on behalf of the state or public entity. (Gov. Code, \u00a7\u200912650(a)\u2013(c).) Give the optional next-to-last sentence of the opening paragraph if the plaintiff is an individual bringing the action qui tam.<\/p>\n<p>The False Claims Act lists eight prohibited acts that violate the statute. (See\u00a0Gov. Code, \u00a7\u200912651(a).) Element 1 sets out the first and most common of the prohibited acts\u2014the knowing presentation of a false claim. (See\u00a0Gov. Code, \u00a7\u200912650(a)(1).) Modify element 1 if a different prohibited act is at issue.<\/p>\n<p>For an instruction on retaliation against an employee for bringing a false claim action, see\u00a0CACI No. 4600,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">False Claims Act: Whistleblower Protection\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/span>. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">California False Claims Act.\u00a0Government Code section 12650 et seq.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn 1987, the California Legislature enacted the False Claims Act, patterned on a similar federal statutory scheme, to supplement governmental efforts to identify and prosecute fraudulent claims made against state and local governmental entities. As relevant here, the False Claims Act permits the recovery of civil penalties and treble damages from any person who \u2018[k]nowingly presents or causes to be presented [to the state or any political subdivision] \u2026 a false claim for payment or approval.\u2019 To be liable under the False Claims Act, a person must have actual knowledge of the information, act in deliberate ignorance of the truth or falsity of the information, and\/or act in reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the information.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Rothschild v. Tyco Internat. (US), Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(2000) 83 Cal.App.4th 488, 494\u2013495 [99 Cal.Rptr.2d 721], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe Legislature designed the CFCA \u2018\u2009\u201cto prevent fraud on the public treasury,\u201d\u2009\u2019 and it \u2018\u2009\u201cshould be given the broadest possible construction consistent with that purpose.\u201d\u2009\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">San Francisco Unified School Dist. ex rel. Contreras v. Laidlaw Transit, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(2010) 182 Cal.App.4th 438, 446 [106 Cal.Rptr.3d 84], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cSince there are no pattern instructions for CFCA claims, the trial court gave instructions taken from the language of the statute. Quoting\u00a0Government Code section 12651, the trial court explained that a person would be liable for damages under the CFCA if the person \u2018(1) Knowingly presents or causes to be presented to an officer or employee of the City, a false claim for payment or approval. [\u00b6] (2) Knowingly makes, uses, or causes to be made or used a false record or statement to get a false claim paid or approved by the City.\u2019 The instructions defined \u2018person,\u2019 \u2018knowingly,\u2019 and \u2018claim\u2019 using the language of\u00a0Government Code section 12650, but did not define the word \u2018false.\u2019 Indeed, \u2018false\u2019 is not defined in the statute.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Thompson Pacific Construction, Inc. v. City of Sunnyvale<\/span>\u00a0(2007) 155 Cal.App.4th 525, 546 [66 Cal.Rptr.3d 175].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWe agree with City that the word \u2018false\u2019 has no special meaning and that [claimant]\u2019s concern is really related to the mental state necessary for liability under the CFCA, an element that was adequately explained in the instructions that were given.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Thompson Pacific<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">supra<\/span>, 155 Cal.App.4th at p. 547.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[A]n alleged falsity satisfies the materiality requirement where it has the \u2018\u2009\u201c\u2009\u2018natural tendency to influence agency action or is capable of influencing agency action.\u2019\u2009\u201d [Citation.]\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">San Francisco Unified School Dist. ex rel. Contreras<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">supra<\/span>, 182 Cal.App.4th at p. 454.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cOur conclusion that the allegations in the Complaint are sufficient to withstand a demurrer does not mean that every breach of a contract term that is in some sense \u2018material\u2019 necessarily satisfies the materiality requirement for a CFCA claim. That is, a false implied certification relating to a \u2018material\u2019 contract term may not always be \u2018material\u2019 to the government\u2019s decision to pay a contractor. Materiality is a mixed question of law and fact, and a showing in a motion for summary judgment or at trial that the alleged breach would not have affected the payment decision will defeat a CFCA claim.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">San Francisco Unified School Dist. ex rel. Contreras<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">supra<\/span>, 182 Cal.App.4th at p. 456, internal citation omitted.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>3 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Agency and Employment, \u00a7\u00a7\u2009306, 307<\/div>\n<div>5 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Torts, \u00a7\u2009884<\/div>\n<div>Chin et al., California Practice Guide: Employment Litigation, Ch. 5(II)-B,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Retaliation Under Other Whistleblower Statutes<\/span>, \u00b6\u20095:1770 et seq. (The Rutter Group)<\/div>\n<div>6 Levy et al.,\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 91,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Contractual Arbitration<\/span>, \u00a7\u200991.08\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>40\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 468,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Public Entities and Officers: False Claims Actions<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009468.21\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-rvs1n-a6757f791cf23dfdc30b736fb78cea5b hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6hntuz-a1b16ef64288da052ee4a523e917f0db\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-6hntuz-a1b16ef64288da052ee4a523e917f0db .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-6hntuz-a1b16ef64288da052ee4a523e917f0db '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2315","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CACI 4800 False Claims Act\u2014Essential Factual Elements (Gov. 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