{"id":2339,"date":"2021-10-25T03:56:55","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:56:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=2339"},"modified":"2022-05-09T20:20:20","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T20:20:20","slug":"caci-4502-breach-of-implied-covenant-to-provide-necessary-items-within-owners-control-essential-factual-elements","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-4502-breach-of-implied-covenant-to-provide-necessary-items-within-owners-control-essential-factual-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 4502 Breach of Implied Covenant to Provide Necessary Items Within Owner\u2019s Control\u2014Essential Factual Elements"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv3fw2uw-fa37ac55bfe96ea94a60b811eb43f99e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kv3fw2uw-fa37ac55bfe96ea94a60b811eb43f99e{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kv3fw2uw-fa37ac55bfe96ea94a60b811eb43f99e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kv3fw2uw-fa37ac55bfe96ea94a60b811eb43f99e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kv3fw2uw-fa37ac55bfe96ea94a60b811eb43f99e av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 4502 Breach of Implied Covenant to Provide Necessary Items Within Owner\u2019s Control\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  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0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-7k17tf-0dc0261d78a1db0c2507bfcb32af14f3 hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kv3fxc3j-8ffd275aa05ccf78148691bc46aa0461\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-kv3fxc3j-8ffd275aa05ccf78148691bc46aa0461 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kv3fxc3j-8ffd275aa05ccf78148691bc46aa0461 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">4502\u00a0Breach of Implied Covenant to Provide Necessary Items Within Owner\u2019s Control\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">In every construction contract, it is understood that the owner will provide access to the project site and do those things within the owner\u2019s control that are necessary for the contractor to reasonably and timely perform its work. [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] breached the contract by [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify what owner failed to do, e.g., failing to procure a disposal permit for hazardous materials<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] could not reasonably or timely perform [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\/its] work without [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert short name for item, e.g., a disposal permit<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] knew or reasonably should have known that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">e.g., a disposal permit<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was necessary for [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] to reasonably and timely perform the work;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] had the ability to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">e.g., procure a disposal permit<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] could not [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">e.g., obtain a disposal permit<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] without [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s assistance;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">5.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] failed to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">e.g., procure a disposal permit<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] in a timely manner; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">6.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was harmed by [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s failure. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New December 2010; Revised June 2011 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>This instruction should be used when a contractor claims the owner breached an implied covenant to provide necessary access to the project site, easements, permits, or other things uniquely within the owner\u2019s control in order for the contractor to reasonably and timely perform the contract. Also give\u00a0CACI No. 303,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Breach of Contract\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/span>, for other contested elements of a breach-of-contract claim.<\/p>\n<p>This implied covenant can arise in both private and public contracts unless it is expressly precluded by the contract documents. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Hensler v. City of Los Angeles<\/span>\u00a0(1954) 124 Cal.App.2d 71, 82 [268 P.2d 12]\u00a0[covenant is implied in every construction contract]; see also\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Bomberger v. McKelvey<\/span>\u00a0(1950) 35 Cal.2d 607, 613 [220 P.2d 729]\u00a0[covenant implied in private contract].) This instruction may also be used when the contractor claims the owner breached a general duty of cooperation by failing to control and\/or coordinate third parties, such as other contractors on the project site.<\/p>\n<p>This instruction is based on\u00a0CACI 325,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Breach of Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/span>. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Implied Stipulations to Make Contract Reasonable.\u00a0Civil Code section 1655.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Implied Contract Terms.\u00a0Civil Code section 1656.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn every building contract which contains no express covenants on the subjects there are implied covenants to the effect that the contractor shall be permitted to proceed with the construction of the building in accordance with the other terms of the contract without interference by the owner and that he shall be given such possession of the premises as will enable him to adequately carry on the construction and complete the work agreed upon. Such terms are necessarily implied from the very nature of the contract and a failure to observe them not consented to by the contractor constitutes a breach of contract on the part of the owner entitling the contractor to rescind, although it may not amount to a technical prevention of performance.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Gray v. Bekins<\/span>\u00a0(1921) 186 Cal. 389, 395 [199 P. 767], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cUnder the contract as thus construed, there was an implied covenant that plaintiffs would be given possession of the premises for the agreed purpose at a reasonable time to be chosen by them. Defendant\u2019s conduct in forbidding plaintiffs to enter, therefore, was sufficient not only to excuse their performance but also to constitute a breach or anticipatory breach of the contract.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Bomberger, supra,<\/span>\u00a035 Cal.2d at p. 613, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe rule is plain that in every construction contract the law implies a covenant, where necessary, that the owner will furnish the selected site of operations to the contractor in order to enable him \u2018to adequately carry on the construction and complete the work agreed upon.\u2019 The rule applies with equal force to construction contracts entered into by a municipality.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Hensler<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">supra<\/span>, 124 Cal.App.2d at p. 83, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn general, where plans, specifications and conditions of contract do not otherwise provide, there is an implied covenant that the owner of the project is required to furnish whatever easements, permits or other documentation are reasonably required for the construction to proceed in an orderly manner.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">COAC, Inc. v. Kennedy Engineers<\/span>\u00a0(1977) 67 Cal.App.3d 916, 920 [136 Cal.Rptr. 890].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe rule is well settled that in every construction contract the law implies a covenant that the owner will provide the contractor timely access to the project site to facilitate performance of work. When necessary permits relating to the project are not available or access to the site is limited by the owner, the implied covenant is breached. The trial court found the delays were caused by the [defendant]\u2019s breaches of contract and implied covenant in failing to disclose known restrictions on project performance, to obtain necessary permits, and to provide timely access to perform the work.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Howard Contracting, Inc. v. G.A. MacDonald Construction Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1998) 71 Cal.App.4th 38, 50 [83 Cal.Rptr.2d 590], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[A] contract includes not only the terms that have been expressly stated but those implied provisions indispensable to effectuate the intention of the parties.\u2009\u2026 [\u00b6] Clearly an implied term of the contract herein was that once the notice to proceed was issued, the dredge would be available for work on the project\u2009\u2026\u2009. [\u00b6] [Plaintiff], acting as a reasonable public works contractor, was misled by this incorrect implied representation in its submission of a bid. [Plaintiff] justifiably relied on this representation in determining the cost of constructing the seawall. Accordingly, it did not include in its bid the cost of maintaining the seawall for an indefinite period of time while awaiting the arrival of the dredge. As the [defendant] impliedly warranted the correctness of these representations, it is liable for the cost of extra work which was necessitated by the dredge\u2019s failure to arrive.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Tonkin Constr. Co. v. County of Humboldt<\/span>\u00a0(1987) 188 Cal.App.3d 828, 832 [233 Cal.Rptr. 587], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018[T]he covenant is implied as a\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">supplement<\/span>\u00a0to the express contractual covenants, to prevent a contracting party from engaging in conduct which (while not technically transgressing the express covenants) frustrates the other party\u2019s rights to the benefits of the contract.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Racine &amp; Laramie, Ltd. v. Department of Parks &amp; Recreation<\/span>\u00a0(1992) 11 Cal.App.4th 1026, 1031\u20131032 [14 Cal.Rptr.2d 335], original italics.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>1 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Contracts, \u00a7\u2009827<\/div>\n<div>1 California Construction Contracts, Defects, and Litigation (Cont.Ed.Bar) Ch. 6,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Public Contracts: Disputes and Remedies<\/span>, \u00a7\u20096.84, 6.85<\/div>\n<div>5 Stein, Construction Law, Ch. 18,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Warranties<\/span>, \u00b6\u200918.02 (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>12 California Real Estate Law and Practice, Ch. 140,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Contracts<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009140.45 (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>10\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 104,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Building Contracts<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009104.24\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>5 California Points and Authorities, Ch. 50,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Contracts<\/span>, \u00a7\u200950.242 (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>Acret, California Construction Law Manual (6th ed.) \u00a7\u00a7\u20091:80, 1:82 (Thomson Reuters)<\/div>\n<div>Acret, California Construction Law Manual (6th ed.) \u00a7\u00a7\u20097:48, 7:77 (Thomson Reuters)<\/div>\n<div>Bruner &amp; O\u2019Connor on Construction Law, \u00a7\u20099:99 (Thomson Reuters)<\/div>\n<div>Kamine, Public Works Construction Manual (BNI Publications, Inc. 1996) p. 10<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-6f9o0z-2e74cf3293997dca70ddaa882c40a42d\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-6f9o0z-2e74cf3293997dca70ddaa882c40a42d .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-6f9o0z-2e74cf3293997dca70ddaa882c40a42d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2339","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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