{"id":300,"date":"2021-10-25T03:53:33","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:53:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=300"},"modified":"2022-05-02T19:22:44","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T19:22:44","slug":"caci-325-breach-of-implied-covenant-of-good-faith-and-fair-dealing-essential-factual-elements","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-325-breach-of-implied-covenant-of-good-faith-and-fair-dealing-essential-factual-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 325 Breach of Implied Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing\u2014Essential Factual Elements"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku55jwez-89f6142894ac865bceef990f35438830\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-ku55jwez-89f6142894ac865bceef990f35438830{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-ku55jwez-89f6142894ac865bceef990f35438830 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-ku55jwez-89f6142894ac865bceef990f35438830 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-ku55jwez-89f6142894ac865bceef990f35438830 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 325 Breach of Implied Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span 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itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku55l7x7-5e8ba08688e372bda3b75d4f8392abc0\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ku55l7x7-5e8ba08688e372bda3b75d4f8392abc0 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ku55l7x7-5e8ba08688e372bda3b75d4f8392abc0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">325\u00a0Breach of Implied Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">In every contract or agreement there is an implied promise of good faith and fair dealing. This implied promise means that each party will not do anything to unfairly interfere with the right of any other party to receive the benefits of the contract. Good faith means honesty of purpose without any intention to mislead or to take unfair advantage of another. Generally speaking, it means being faithful to one\u2019s duty or obligation. However, the implied promise of good faith and fair dealing cannot create obligations that are inconsistent with the terms of the contract.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] violated the duty to act fairly and in good faith. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] and [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] entered into a contract;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] did all, or substantially all of the significant things that the contract required [him\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\/it] to do [or that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\/it] was excused from having to do those things;]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That all conditions required for [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s performance [had occurred\/ [or] were excused];]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">specify conduct that plaintiff claims prevented plaintiff from receiving the benefits under the contract<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">5.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That by doing so, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] did not act fairly and in good faith; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">6.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was harmed by [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s conduct. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New April 2004; Revised June 2011, December 2012, June 2014, November 2019, May 2020 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>This instruction should be given if the plaintiff has brought a separate count for breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing. It may be given in addition to\u00a0CACI No. 303,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Breach of Contract\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/span>, if breach of contract on other grounds is also alleged.<\/p>\n<p>Include element 2 if the plaintiff\u2019s substantial performance of contract requirements is at issue. Include element 3 if the contract contains conditions precedent that must occur before the defendant is required to perform. For discussion of element 3, see the Directions for Use to\u00a0CACI No. 303.<\/p>\n<p>In element 4, insert an explanation of the defendant\u2019s conduct that violated the duty to act in good faith.<\/p>\n<p>If a claim for breach of the implied covenant does nothing more than allege a mere contract breach and, relying on the same alleged acts, simply seeks the same damages or other relief already claimed in a contract cause of action, it may be disregarded as superfluous because no additional claim is actually stated. (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Careau &amp; Co. v. Security Pacific Business Credit, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(1990) 222 Cal.App.3d 1371, 1395 [272 Cal.Rptr. 387].) The harm alleged in element 6 may produce contract damages that are different from those claimed for breach of the express contract provisions. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Digerati Holdings, LLC v. Young Money Entertainment, LLC<\/span>\u00a0(2011) 194 Cal.App.4th 873, 885 [123 Cal.Rptr.3d 736]\u00a0[noting that gravamen of the two claims rests on different facts and different harm].)<\/p>\n<p>It has been noted that one may bring a claim for breach of the implied covenant without also bringing a claim for breach of other contract terms. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Careau &amp; Co., supra<\/span>, 222 Cal.App.3d at p. 1395.) Thus it would seem that a jury should be able to find a breach of the implied covenant even if it finds for the defendant on all other breach of contract claims. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThere is an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing in every contract that neither party will do anything which will injure the right of the other to receive the benefits of the agreement.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Comunale v. Traders &amp; General Ins. Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1958) 50 Cal.2d 654, 658 [328 P.2d 198], internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018\u2009\u201cEvery contract imposes upon each party a duty of good faith and fair dealing in its performance and its enforcement.\u201d\u2009\u2019 [] The covenant of good faith finds particular application in situations where one party is invested with a discretionary power affecting the rights of another. Such power must be exercised in good faith.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Carma Developers (Cal.), Inc. v. Marathon Development California, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(1992) 2 Cal.4th 342, 371\u2013372 [6 Cal.Rptr.2d 467, 826 P.2d 710], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWhen one party to a contract retains the unilateral right to amend the agreement governing the parties\u2019 relationship, its exercise of that right is constrained by the covenant of good faith and fair dealing which precludes amendments that operate retroactively to impair accrued rights.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Cobb v. Ironwood Country Club<\/span>\u00a0(2015) 233 Cal.App.4th 960, 963 [183 Cal.Rptr.3d 282].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe covenant of good faith and fair dealing, implied by law in every contract, exists merely to prevent one contracting party from unfairly frustrating the other party\u2019s right to receive the\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">benefits of the agreement actually made<\/span>. The covenant thus cannot \u2018\u2009\u201c\u2009\u2018be endowed with an existence independent of its contractual underpinnings.\u2019\u2009\u201d\u2009\u2019 It cannot impose substantive duties or limits on the contracting parties beyond those incorporated in the specific terms of their agreement.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Guz v. Bechtel National, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(2000) 24 Cal.4th 317, 349\u2013350 [100 Cal.Rptr.2d 352, 8 P.3d 1089], original italics, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing cannot be read to require defendants to take a particular action that is discretionary under the contract when the contract also expressly grants them the discretion to take a different action. To apply the covenant to\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">require<\/span>\u00a0a party to take one of two alternative actions expressly allowed by the contract and forgo the other would contravene the rule that the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing may not be \u2018read to prohibit a party from doing that which is expressly permitted by an agreement.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Bevis v. Terrace View Partners, LP<\/span>\u00a0(2019) 33 Cal.App.5th 230, 256 [244 Cal.Rptr.3d 797], original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing rests upon the existence of some specific contractual obligation. \u2018The covenant of good faith is read into contracts in order to protect the express covenants or promises of the contract, not to protect some general public policy interest not directly tied to the contract\u2019s purpose.\u2019 \u2026 \u2018In essence, the covenant is implied as a supplement to the express contractual covenants, to prevent a contracting party from engaging in conduct which (while not technically transgressing the express covenants) frustrates the other party\u2019s rights to the benefits of the contract.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Racine &amp; Laramie, Ltd. v. Department of Parks &amp; Recreation<\/span>\u00a0(1992) 11 Cal.App.4th 1026, 1031\u20131032 [14 Cal.Rptr.2d 335], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThere is no obligation to deal fairly or in good faith absent an existing contract. If there exists a contractual relationship between the parties \u2026 the implied covenant is limited to assuring compliance with the express terms of the contract, and cannot be extended to create obligations not contemplated in the contract.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Racine &amp; Laramie, Ltd., supra,<\/span>\u00a011 Cal.App.4th at p. 1032, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cAlthough breach of the implied covenant often is pleaded as a separate count, a breach of the implied covenant is necessarily a breach of contract.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Digerati Holdings, LLC, supra<\/span>, 194 Cal.App.4th at p. 885.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018[B]reach of a specific provision of the contract is not \u2026 necessary\u2019 to a claim for breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Thrifty Payless, Inc. v. The Americana at Brand, LLC<\/span>\u00a0(2013) 218 Cal.App.4th 1230, 1244 [160 Cal.Rptr.3d 718].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018It is universally recognized the scope of conduct prohibited by the covenant of good faith is circumscribed by the purposes and express terms of the contract.\u2019 Violation of an express provision is not, however, required. \u2018Nor is it necessary that the party\u2019s conduct be dishonest. Dishonesty presupposes subjective immorality; the covenant of good faith can be breached for objectively unreasonable conduct, regardless of the actor\u2019s motive.\u2019 \u2018A party violates the covenant if it subjectively lacks belief in the validity of its act or if its conduct is objectively unreasonable. [Citations.] In the case of a discretionary power, it has been suggested the covenant requires the party holding such power to exercise it \u201cfor any purpose within the reasonable contemplation of the parties at the time of formation\u2014to capture opportunities that were preserved upon entering the contract, interpreted objectively.\u201d\u2009\u2019 [\u00b6] \u2018The issue of whether the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing has been breached is ordinarily \u201ca question of fact unless only one inference [can] be drawn from the evidence.\u201d\u2009\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Moore v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.<\/span>\u00a0(2019) 39 Cal.App.5th 280, 291\u2013292 [251 Cal.Rptr.3d 779], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIf the allegations do not go beyond the statement of a mere contract breach and, relying on the same alleged acts, simply seek the same damages or other relief already claimed in a companion contract cause of action, they may be disregarded as superfluous as no additional claim is actually stated. Thus, absent those limited cases where a breach of a consensual contract term is not claimed or alleged, the only justification for asserting a separate cause of action for breach of the implied covenant is to obtain a tort recovery.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Careau &amp; Co., supra<\/span>, 222 Cal.App.3d at p. 1395.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[W]e believe that the gravamen of the two counts differs. The gravamen of the breach of contract count is [cross defendants\u2019] alleged failure to comply with their express contractual obligations specified in paragraph 37 of the cross-complaint, while the gravamen of the count for breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing is their alleged efforts to undermine or prevent the potential sale and distribution of the film, both by informing distributors that the film was unauthorized and could be subject to future litigation and by seeking an injunction. (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Digerati Holdings, LLC, supra<\/span>, 194 Cal. App. 4th at p. 885.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>1 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Contracts, \u00a7\u00a7\u2009822, 824\u2013826<\/div>\n<div>13\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 140,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Contracts<\/span>, \u00a7\u00a7\u2009140.12,\u00a0140.50\u00a0et seq. (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>2\u00a0Matthew Bender Practice Guide: California Contract Litigation, Ch. 23,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Suing or Defending Action for Breach of Duty of Good Faith and Fair Dealing<\/span>, 23.05<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-rtdm4-776fc5de5f4a7685e8455b371cf436d0 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ne4l8-6549f75dfa1bf72811eb0bd57136de64\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ne4l8-6549f75dfa1bf72811eb0bd57136de64 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ne4l8-6549f75dfa1bf72811eb0bd57136de64 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-300","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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