{"id":401,"date":"2021-10-25T04:04:24","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T04:04:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=401"},"modified":"2022-05-02T21:22:29","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T21:22:29","slug":"caci-422-providing-alcoholic-beverages-to-obviously-intoxicated-minors-bus-prof-code-%c2%a7-25602-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-422-providing-alcoholic-beverages-to-obviously-intoxicated-minors-bus-prof-code-%c2%a7-25602-1\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 422 Providing Alcoholic Beverages to Obviously Intoxicated Minors (Bus. &#038; Prof. Code, \u00a7\u200925602.1)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku5dj9tc-3c512c0a59aea949a4b98c775979a5a7\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-ku5dj9tc-3c512c0a59aea949a4b98c775979a5a7{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-ku5dj9tc-3c512c0a59aea949a4b98c775979a5a7 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-ku5dj9tc-3c512c0a59aea949a4b98c775979a5a7 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-ku5dj9tc-3c512c0a59aea949a4b98c775979a5a7 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 422 Providing Alcoholic Beverages to Obviously Intoxicated Minors (Bus. <span class='special_amp'>&amp;<\/span> Prof. Code, \u00a7\u200925602.1)<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchform_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-color:#edae44;\nbackground-color:#edae44;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #s.av-input-field{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 #searchsubmit{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 .av_searchsubmit_wrapper{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n.ajax_search_response.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7{\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nmargin:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku5dkrwd-0c4581014b9389fd268e099d1078a249\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ku5dkrwd-0c4581014b9389fd268e099d1078a249 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ku5dkrwd-0c4581014b9389fd268e099d1078a249 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">422\u00a0Providing Alcoholic Beverages to Obviously Intoxicated Minors (Bus. &amp; Prof. Code, \u00a7\u200925602.1)<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] is responsible for [his\/her\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] harm because [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] [sold\/gave] alcoholic beverages to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">], a minor who was already obviously intoxicated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was [required to be] licensed to sell alcoholic beverages;]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was authorized by the federal government to sell alcoholic beverages on a military base or other federal enclave;]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] [sold\/gave] alcoholic beverages to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[or]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] caused alcoholic beverages to be [sold\/given away] to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was less than 21 years old at the time;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That when [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] provided the alcoholic beverages, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] displayed symptoms that would lead a reasonable person to conclude that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was obviously intoxicated;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">5.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] harmed [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">6.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s [selling\/giving] alcoholic beverages to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was a substantial factor in causing [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s harm.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">In deciding whether [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was obviously intoxicated, you may consider whether [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] displayed one or more of the following symptoms to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] before the alcoholic beverages were provided: impaired judgment; alcoholic breath; incoherent or slurred speech; poor muscular coordination; staggering or unsteady walk or loss of balance; loud, boisterous, or argumentative conduct; flushed face; or other symptoms of intoxication. The mere fact that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] had been drinking is not enough. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New September 2003; Revised December 2009, June 2014, December 2014, May 2020 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>Business and Professions Code section 25602.1\u00a0imposes potential liability on those who have or are required to have a liquor license for the selling, furnishing, or giving away of alcoholic beverages to an obviously intoxicated minor. It also imposes potential liability on a person who is not required to be licensed who sells alcohol to an obviously intoxicated minor. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Ennabe v. Manosa<\/span>\u00a0(2014) 58 Cal.4th 697, 711 [168 Cal.Rptr.3d 440, 319 P.3d 201].) In this latter case, omit element 1, select \u201csold\u201d in the opening paragraph and in element 2, and select \u201cselling\u201d in element 6.<\/p>\n<p>If the plaintiff is the minor who is suing for the plaintiff\u2019s own injuries (see\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Chalup v. Aspen Mine Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1985) 175 Cal.App.3d 973, 974 [221 Cal.Rptr. 97]), modify the instruction by substituting the appropriate pronoun for \u201c[<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of alleged minor<\/span>]\u201d throughout.<\/p>\n<p>For purposes of this instruction, a \u201cminor\u201d is someone under the age of 21. (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Rogers v. Alvas<\/span>\u00a0(1984) 160 Cal.App.3d 997, 1004 [207 Cal.Rptr. 60].) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Liability for Providing Alcohol to Minors.\u00a0Business and Professions Code section 25602.1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Sales Under the Alcoholic Beverage Control Act.\u00a0Business and Professions Code section 23025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn sum, if a plaintiff can establish the defendant provided alcohol to an obviously intoxicated minor, and that such action was the proximate cause of the plaintiff\u2019s injuries or death, section 25602.1\u2014the applicable statute in this case\u2014permits liability in two circumstances: (1) the defendant was either licensed to sell alcohol, required to be licensed, or federally authorized to sell alcoholic beverages in certain places, and the defendant sold, furnished, or gave the minor alcohol or caused alcohol to be sold, furnished, or given to the minor; or (2) the defendant was \u2018any other person\u2019 (i.e., neither licensed nor required to be licensed), and he or she sold alcohol to the minor or caused it to be sold. Whereas licensees (and those required to be licensed) may be liable if they merely furnish or give an alcoholic beverage away, a nonlicensee may be liable only if a\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">sale<\/span>\u00a0occurs; that is, a nonlicensee, such as a social host, who merely furnishes or gives drinks away\u2014even to an obviously intoxicated minor\u2014retains his or her statutory immunity.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Ennabe, supra<\/span>, 58 Cal.4th at pp. 709\u2013710, original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[W]e conclude that the placement of section 25602.1 in the Business and Professions Code does not limit the scope of that provision to commercial enterprises. First, the structure of section 25602.1 suggests it applies to noncommercial providers of alcohol. The statute addresses four categories of persons and we assume those falling in the first three categories\u2014those licensed by the Department of ABC, those without licenses but who are nevertheless required to be licensed, and those authorized to sell alcohol by the federal government\u2014are for the most part engaged in some commercial enterprise. The final category of persons addressed by section 25602.1 is more of a catchall: \u2018any other person\u2019 who sells alcohol. Consistent with the plain meaning of the statutory language and the views of the Department of ABC, we find this final category includes private persons and ostensible social hosts who, for whatever reason, charge money for alcoholic drinks.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Ennabe, supra<\/span>, 58 Cal.4th at p. 711.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[Business and Professions Code] Section 23025\u2019s broad definition of a sale shows the Legislature intended the law to cover a wide range of transactions involving alcoholic beverages: a qualifying sale includes \u2018<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">any<\/span>\u00a0transaction\u2019 in which title to an alcoholic beverage is passed for \u2018<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">any<\/span>\u00a0consideration.\u2019 (Italics added.) Use of the term \u2018any\u2019 to modify the words \u2018transaction\u2019 and \u2018consideration\u2019 demonstrates the Legislature intended the law to have a broad sweep and thus include both indirect as well as direct transactions.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Ennabe, supra<\/span>, 58 Cal.4th at p. 714, original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018The use of intoxicating liquor by the average person in such quantity as to produce intoxication causes many commonly known\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">outward<\/span>\u00a0manifestations which are \u201cplain\u201d and \u201ceasily seen or discovered.\u201d If such outward manifestations exist and the seller still serves the customer so affected, he has violated the law, whether this was because he failed to observe what was plain and easily seen or discovered, or because, having observed, he ignored that which was apparent.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Schaffield v. Abboud<\/span>\u00a0(1993) 15 Cal.App.4th 1133, 1140 [19 Cal.Rptr.2d 205], original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[T]he standard for determining \u2018obvious intoxication\u2019 is measured by that of a reasonable person.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Schaffield, supra,<\/span>\u00a015 Cal.App.4th at p. 1140.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWe shall make no effort to state definitively the meaning of the word \u2018furnishes\u2019\u2009\u2026\u2009. As used in a similar context the word \u2018furnish\u2019 has been said to mean: \u2018\u2009\u201cTo supply; to offer for use, to give, to hand.\u201d\u2009\u2019 It has also been said the word \u2018furnish\u2019 is synonymous with the words \u2018supply\u2019 or \u2018provide.\u2019 In relation to a physical object or substance, the word \u2018furnish\u2019 connotes possession or control over the thing furnished by the one who furnishes it. The word \u2018furnish\u2019 implies some type of affirmative action on the part of the furnisher; failure to protest or attempt to stop another from imbibing an alcoholic beverage does not constitute \u2018furnishing.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Bennett v. Letterly<\/span>\u00a0(1977) 74 Cal.App.3d 901, 904\u2013905 [141 Cal.Rptr. 682], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cAs used in liquor laws, \u2018furnish\u2019 means to provide in any way, and includes giving as well as selling.\u2009\u2026 [\u00b6] California courts have interpreted the terms \u2018furnish\u2019 and \u2018furnished\u2019 as requiring an affirmative act by the purported furnisher to supply the alcoholic beverage to the drinker.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Fiorini v. City Brewing Co., LLC<\/span>\u00a0(2014) 231 Cal.App.4th 306, 320\u2013321 [179 Cal.Rptr.3d 827]\u00a0[beverage manufacturer does not \u201cfurnish\u201d beverage to the consumer], footnote and internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cAs instructed by the court, the jury was told to consider several outward manifestations of obvious intoxication, which included incontinence, unkempt appearance, alcoholic breath, loud or boisterous conduct, bloodshot or glassy eyes, incoherent or slurred speech, flushed face, poor muscular coordination or unsteady walking, loss of balance, impaired judgment, or argumentative behavior. This instruction was correct.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Jones v. Toyota Motor Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1988) 198 Cal.App.3d 364, 370 [243 Cal.Rptr. 611], internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[S]ection 25602.1\u2019s phrase \u2018causes to be sold\u2019 requires an affirmative act directly related to the sale of alcohol which necessarily brings about the resultant action to which the statute is directed, i.e., the furnishing of alcohol to an obviously intoxicated minor.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Hernandez v. Modesto Portuguese Pentecost Assn.<\/span>\u00a0(1995) 40 Cal.App.4th 1274, 1276 [48 Cal.Rptr.2d 229].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe undisputed evidence shows [defendant]\u2019s checker sold beer to Spitzer and that Spitzer later gave some of that beer to Morse. As in\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Salem<\/span>\u00a0[<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Salem v. Superior Court<\/span>\u00a0(1989) 211 Cal.App.3d 595, 600 [259 Cal.Rptr. 447]], we conclude defendant cannot be held liable because the person to whom it sold alcohol was not the person whose negligence allegedly caused the injury at issue.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Ruiz v. Safeway, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(2013) 209 Cal.App.4th 1455, 1462 [147 Cal.Rptr.3d 809].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[O]bviously intoxicated minors who are served alcohol by a licensed purveyor of liquor, may bring a cause of action for negligence against the purveyor for [their own] subsequent injuries.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Chalup, supra,<\/span>\u00a0175 Cal.App.3d at p. 979.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>6 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Torts, \u00a7\u20091218<\/div>\n<div>California Tort Guide (Cont.Ed.Bar 3d ed.) \u00a7\u20094.63<\/div>\n<div>Haning et al., California Practice Guide: Personal Injury, Ch. 2(II)-L,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Liability For Providing Alcoholic Beverages<\/span>, \u00b6\u20092:2101 (The Rutter Group)<\/div>\n<div>1 Levy et al.,\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 1,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Negligence: Duty and Breach<\/span>, \u00a7\u20091.21\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>3\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 19,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Alcoholic Beverages: Civil Liability<\/span>, \u00a7\u00a7\u200919.12,\u00a019.52,\u00a019.75\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>1\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 15A,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Alcoholic Beverages: Civil Liability for Furnishing,<\/span>\u00a0\u00a7\u200915A.21 et seq.\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-s5qwp-a9e38cf89e56f7ed4129ad3965547d67 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-niezl-dff410a144f3615f1475132a08cde892\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-niezl-dff410a144f3615f1475132a08cde892 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-niezl-dff410a144f3615f1475132a08cde892 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-401","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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