{"id":472,"date":"2021-10-25T03:57:11","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:57:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=472"},"modified":"2022-05-02T21:42:56","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T21:42:56","slug":"caci-452-sudden-emergency","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-452-sudden-emergency\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 452 Sudden Emergency"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku5es9gz-e64608449bde932a3658695164d28237\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-ku5es9gz-e64608449bde932a3658695164d28237{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-ku5es9gz-e64608449bde932a3658695164d28237 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-ku5es9gz-e64608449bde932a3658695164d28237 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-ku5es9gz-e64608449bde932a3658695164d28237 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 452 Sudden Emergency<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7\">\n#top .avia_search_element.av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7 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data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku5ethm3-aa9933ad07b32166e7042be726e9d133\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ku5ethm3-aa9933ad07b32166e7042be726e9d133 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ku5ethm3-aa9933ad07b32166e7042be726e9d133 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">452\u00a0Sudden Emergency<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff\/defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was not negligent because [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] acted with reasonable care in an emergency situation. [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff\/defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was not negligent if [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] proves all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That there was a sudden and unexpected emergency situation in which someone was in actual or apparent danger of immediate injury;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] did not cause the emergency; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff\/defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] acted as a reasonably careful person would have acted in similar circumstances, even if it appears later that a different course of action would have been safer. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New September 2003 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>The instruction should not be given unless at least two courses of action are available to the party after the danger is perceived. (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Anderson v. Latimer<\/span>\u00a0(1985) 166 Cal.App.3d 667, 675 [212 Cal.Rptr. 544].)<\/p>\n<p>Additional instructions should be given if there are alternate theories of negligence. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cUnder the \u2018sudden emergency\u2019 or \u2018imminent peril\u2019 doctrine, \u2018a person who, without negligence on his part, is suddenly and unexpectedly confronted with peril, arising from either the actual presence, or the appearance, of imminent danger to himself or to others, is not expected nor required to use the same judgment and prudence that is required of him in the exercise of ordinary care in calmer and more deliberate moments.\u2019 \u2018A party will be denied the benefit of the doctrine \u2026 where that party\u2019s negligence causes or contributes to the creation of the perilous situation.\u2019\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Abdulkadhim v. Wu<\/span>\u00a0(2020) 53 Cal.App.5th 298, 301\u2013302 [266 Cal.Rptr.3d 636], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe doctrine of imminent peril is available to either plaintiff or defendant, or, in a proper case, to both.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Smith v. Johe<\/span>\u00a0(1957) 154 Cal.App.2d 508, 511 [316 P.2d 688].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWhether the conditions for application of the imminent peril doctrine exist is itself a question of fact to be submitted to the jury.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Damele v. Mack Trucks, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(1990) 219 Cal.App.3d 29, 37 [267 Cal.Rptr. 197].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe doctrine of imminent peril is properly applied only in cases where an unexpected physical danger is presented so suddenly as to deprive the driver of his power of using reasonable judgment. [Citations.] A party will be denied the benefit of the doctrine of imminent peril where that party\u2019s negligence causes or contributes to the creation of the perilous situation. [Citations.]\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Shiver v. Laramee<\/span>\u00a0(2018) 24 Cal.App.5th 395, 399 [234 Cal.Rptr.3d 256].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018The test is whether the actor took one of the courses of action which a standard man in that emergency might have taken, and such a course is not negligent even though it led to an injury which might have been prevented by adopting an alternative course of action.\u2019 [Citation.]\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Schultz v. Mathias<\/span>\u00a0(1970) 3 Cal.App.3d 904, 912\u2013913 [83 Cal.Rptr. 888].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cAn emergency or peril under the sudden emergency or imminent peril doctrine is a set of facts presented to the person alleged to have been negligent. It is\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">that<\/span>\u00a0actor\u2019s behavior that the doctrine excuses. It is irrelevant for purposes of the sudden emergency doctrine whether [defendant\u2019s] lane change created a dangerous situation for [plaintiff] or anyone else; the only relevant emergency is the one [<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">defendant<\/span>] faced.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Abdulkadhim, supra,<\/span>\u00a053 Cal.App.5th at p. 302, internal citations omitted, original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe doctrine of imminent peril applies not only when a person perceives danger to himself, but also when he perceives an imminent danger to others.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Damele, supra,<\/span>\u00a0219 Cal.App.3d at p. 36.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[T]he mere appearance of an imminent peril to others\u2014not an actual imminent peril\u2014is all that is required.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Damele, supra,<\/span>\u00a0219 Cal.App.3d at p. 37.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>6 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Torts, \u00a7\u00a7\u20091439, 1449\u20131451<\/div>\n<div>California Tort Guide (Cont.Ed.Bar 3d ed.) \u00a7\u20094.7<\/div>\n<div>1 Levy et al.,\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 1,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Negligence: Duty and Breach<\/span>, \u00a7\u00a7\u20091.03,\u00a01.11,\u00a01.30\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>33\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 380,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Negligence<\/span>\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>16\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 165,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Negligence<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009165.250\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-q9b88-3674399bc4fbf531542e14f12d8e91de hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-khxy8-6c6ea0b11ee8bec39cff151580b25fec\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-khxy8-6c6ea0b11ee8bec39cff151580b25fec .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-khxy8-6c6ea0b11ee8bec39cff151580b25fec '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-472","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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