{"id":559,"date":"2021-10-25T03:58:59","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:58:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=559"},"modified":"2022-05-03T15:32:11","modified_gmt":"2022-05-03T15:32:11","slug":"caci-535-risks-of-nontreatment-essential-factual-elements","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-535-risks-of-nontreatment-essential-factual-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 535 Risks of Nontreatment\u2014Essential Factual Elements"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku6i5gpx-32c510bfd4d2053c43798034da12d42f\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-ku6i5gpx-32c510bfd4d2053c43798034da12d42f{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-ku6i5gpx-32c510bfd4d2053c43798034da12d42f .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-ku6i5gpx-32c510bfd4d2053c43798034da12d42f .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-ku6i5gpx-32c510bfd4d2053c43798034da12d42f av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 535 Risks of Nontreatment\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" 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action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku6i6ocn-b9f918ebf38ff0d0f774d72e065aa488\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ku6i6ocn-b9f918ebf38ff0d0f774d72e065aa488 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ku6i6ocn-b9f918ebf38ff0d0f774d72e065aa488 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">535\u00a0Risks of Nontreatment\u2014Essential Factual Elements<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was negligent because [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] did not adequately inform [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] about the risks of refusing the [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert medical procedure<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]. To establish this claim, [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove all of the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">1.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] did not perform the [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert medical procedure<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] on [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">2.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] did not disclose to [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] the important potential risks of refusing the [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert medical procedure<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">];<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">3.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That a reasonable person in [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s position would have agreed to the [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert medical procedure<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] if that person had been adequately informed about these risks; and<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">4.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">That [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was harmed by the failure to have the [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert medical procedure<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] performed. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New September 2003; Revised June 2014, May 2020 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>This instruction presents the \u201cinformed refusal\u201d doctrine. (See\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Townsend v. Turk<\/span>\u00a0(1990) 218 Cal.App.3d 278, 284 [266 Cal.Rptr. 821].) It should be given with\u00a0CACI No.\u2002534,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Informed Refusal\u2014Definition<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>If the patient is a minor or is incapacitated, tailor the instruction accordingly.<\/p>\n<p>Also, see\u00a0CACI No.\u2002531,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Consent on Behalf of Another<\/span>. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cApplying these principles, the court in\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Cobbs<\/span>\u00a0[<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Cobbs v. Grant<\/span>\u00a0(1972) 8 Cal.3d 229, 243 [104 Cal.Rptr. 505, 502 P.2d 1]]\u00a0stated that a patient must be apprised not only of the \u2018risks inherent in the procedure [prescribed, but also] the risks of a decision not to undergo the treatment, and the probability of a successful outcome of the treatment.\u2019 This rule applies whether the procedure involves treatment or a diagnostic test. On the one hand, a physician recommending a risk-free procedure may safely forego discussion beyond that necessary to conform to competent medical practice and to obtain the patient\u2019s consent. If a patient indicates that he or she is going to decline the risk-free test or treatment, then the doctor has the additional duty of advising of all material risks of which a reasonable person would want to be informed before deciding not to undergo the procedure. On the other hand, if the recommended test or treatment is itself risky, then the physician should always explain the potential consequences of declining to follow the recommended course of action.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Truman v. Thomas<\/span>\u00a0(1980) 27 Cal.3d 285, 292 [165 Cal.Rptr. 308, 611 P.2d 902], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cThe duty of reasonable disclosure was expanded in\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Truman v. Thomas<\/span>\u00a0[<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">supra<\/span>]. There, a doctor recommended that his patient undergo a risk-free diagnostic procedure but failed to advise her of the risks involved in the failure to follow his recommendation. The Supreme Court concluded that for a patient to make an informed choice to decline a recommended procedure the patient must be adequately advised of the risks of refusing to undergo the procedure. Thus, the high court extended the duty to make disclosure to include recommended diagnostic as well as therapeutic procedures and to include situations in which the patient declines the recommended procedure.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Vandi v. Permanente Medical Group, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(1992) 7 Cal.App.4th 1064, 1069 [9 Cal.Rptr.2d 463].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn a nutshell, a doctor has a duty to disclose all material information to his patient which will enable that patient to make an informed decision regarding the taking or refusal to take such a test.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Moore v. Preventive Medicine Medical Group, Inc.<\/span>\u00a0(1986) 178 Cal.App.3d 728, 736 [223 Cal.Rptr. 859].) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>5 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Torts, \u00a7\u00a7\u2009466, 471, 475, 477, 480, 481<\/div>\n<div>California Tort Guide (Cont.Ed.Bar 3d ed.) \u00a7\u20099.12<\/div>\n<div>3 Levy et al.,\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 31,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Liability of Physicians and Other Medical Practitioners<\/span>, \u00a7\u200931.14\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>36\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 415,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Physicians: Medical Malpractice<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009415.13[2]\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>17\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 175,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Physicians and Surgeons: Medical Malpractice<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009175.33\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-osz1b-bb1acb6f4fb923ac0126fc7ce17c4ca8 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jwurb-39ffdf57ffec460a80295cb659752e67\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jwurb-39ffdf57ffec460a80295cb659752e67 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jwurb-39ffdf57ffec460a80295cb659752e67 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-559","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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