{"id":596,"date":"2021-10-25T03:58:59","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T03:58:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=596"},"modified":"2022-05-03T15:46:19","modified_gmt":"2022-05-03T15:46:19","slug":"caci-601-negligent-handling-of-legal-matter","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-601-negligent-handling-of-legal-matter\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 601 Negligent Handling of Legal Matter"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku6k5u75-ea1e524ff01ff9f08e5b32b1a687e157\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-ku6k5u75-ea1e524ff01ff9f08e5b32b1a687e157{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-ku6k5u75-ea1e524ff01ff9f08e5b32b1a687e157 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-ku6k5u75-ea1e524ff01ff9f08e5b32b1a687e157 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-ku6k5u75-ea1e524ff01ff9f08e5b32b1a687e157 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 601 Negligent Handling of Legal Matter<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_avia_sc_search '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" 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itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku6k726y-2df6dcb59607efe4d3c21a6af52bf875\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ku6k726y-2df6dcb59607efe4d3c21a6af52bf875 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ku6k726y-2df6dcb59607efe4d3c21a6af52bf875 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">601\u00a0Negligent Handling of Legal Matter<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">To recover damages from [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">], [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] must prove that [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">\/it] would have obtained a better result if [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] had acted as a reasonably careful attorney. [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] was not harmed by [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s conduct if the same harm would have occurred anyway without that conduct. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New September 2003; Revised June 2015, May 2020 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>In cases involving professionals other than attorneys, this instruction would need to be modified by inserting the type of the professional in place of \u201cattorney.\u201d (See, e.g.,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Mattco Forge, Inc. v. Arthur Young &amp; Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1997) 52 Cal.App.4th 820, 829\u2013830 [60 Cal.Rptr.2d 780]\u00a0[trial-within-a-trial method was applied to accountants].)<\/p>\n<p>The plaintiff must prove that\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">but for<\/span>\u00a0the attorney\u2019s negligent acts or omissions, the plaintiff would have obtained a more favorable judgment or settlement in the underlying action. (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Viner v. Sweet<\/span>\u00a0(2003) 30 Cal.4th 1232, 1241 [135 Cal. Rptr. 2d 629, 70 P.3d 1046].) The second sentence expresses this \u201cbut for\u201d standard. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIf the allegedly negligent conduct does not cause damage, it generates no cause of action in tort. The mere breach of a professional duty, causing only nominal damages, speculative harm, or the threat of future harm\u2014not yet realized\u2014does not suffice to create a cause of action for negligence.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Jordache Enterprises, Inc. v. Brobeck, Phleger &amp; Harrison<\/span>\u00a0(1998) 18 Cal.4th 739, 749\u2013750 [76 Cal.Rptr.2d 749, 958 P.2d 1062].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn the legal malpractice context, the elements of causation and damage are particularly closely linked.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Namikas v. Miller<\/span>\u00a0(2014) 225 Cal.App.4th 1574, 1582 [171 Cal.Rptr.3d 23].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn a client\u2019s action against an attorney for legal malpractice, the client must prove, among other things, that the attorney\u2019s negligent acts or omissions caused the client to suffer some financial harm or loss. When the alleged malpractice occurred in the performance of transactional work (giving advice or preparing documents for a business transaction), must the client prove this causation element according to the \u2018but for\u2019 test, meaning that the harm or loss would not have occurred without the attorney\u2019s malpractice? The answer is yes.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Viner, supra<\/span>, 30 Cal.4th at p. 1235.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[The trial-within-a-trial method] is the most effective safeguard yet devised against speculative and conjectural claims in this era of ever expanding litigation. It is a standard of proof designed to limit damages to those actually\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">caused<\/span>\u00a0by a professional\u2019s malfeasance.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Mattco Forge Inc., supra<\/span>, 52 Cal.App.4th at p. 834.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018Damage to be subject to a proper award must be such as follows the act complained of\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">as a legal certainty<\/span>\u2009\u2026\u2009.\u2019 Conversely, \u2018\u2009\u201c\u2009\u2018[t]he mere probability that a certain event would have happened, upon which a claim for damages is predicated, will not support the claim or furnish the foundation of an action for such damages.\u2019\u2009\u201d\u2009\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Filbin v. Fitzgerald<\/span>\u00a0(2012) 211 Cal.App.4th 154, 165\u2013166 [149 Cal.Rptr.3d 422], original italics, footnote and internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cOne who establishes malpractice on the part of his or her attorney\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">in prosecuting a lawsuit<\/span>\u00a0must also prove that careful management of it would have resulted in a favorable judgment and collection thereof, as there is no damage in the absence of these latter elements.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">DiPalma v. Seldman<\/span>\u00a0(1994) 27 Cal.App.4th 1499, 1506\u20131507 [33 Cal.Rptr.2d 219], original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018The element of collectibility requires a showing of the debtor\u2019s solvency. \u201c[\u2018W]here a claim is alleged to have been lost by an attorney\u2019s negligence,\u2009\u2026 to recover more than nominal damages it must be shown that it was a valid subsisting debt,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">and that the debtor was solvent<\/span>.\u2019 [Citation.]\u201d The loss of a collectible judgment \u201cby definition means the lost opportunity to collect a money judgment from a solvent [defendant] and is certainly legally sufficient evidence of actual damage.\u201d\u2009\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Wise v. DLA Piper LLP (US)<\/span>\u00a0(2013) 220 Cal.App.4th 1180, 1190 [164 Cal.Rptr.3d 54], original italics, internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cCollectibility is part of the plaintiff\u2019s case, and a component of the causation and damages showing, rather than an affirmative defense which the Attorney Defendants must demonstrate.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Wise, supra<\/span>, 220 Cal.App.4th at p. 1191.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cBecause of the legal malpractice, the original target is out of range; thus, the misperforming attorney must stand in and submit to being the target instead of the former target which the attorney negligently permitted to escape. This is the essence of the case-within-a-case doctrine.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Arciniega v. Bank of San Bernardino<\/span>\u00a0(1997) 52 Cal.App.4th 213, 231 [60 Cal.Rptr.2d 495].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWhere the attorney\u2019s negligence does not result in a total loss of the client\u2019s claim, the measure of damages is the difference between what was recovered and what would have been recovered but for the attorney\u2019s wrongful act or omission. [\u00b6] Thus, in a legal malpractice action, if a reasonably competent attorney would have obtained a $3 million recovery for the client but the negligent attorney obtained only a $2 million recovery, the client\u2019s damage due to the attorney\u2019s negligence would be $1 million\u2014the difference between what a competent attorney would have obtained and what the negligent attorney obtained.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Norton v. Superior Court<\/span>\u00a0(1994) 24 Cal.App.4th 1750, 1758 [30 Cal.Rptr.2d 217].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[A] plaintiff who alleges an inadequate settlement in the underlying action must prove that, if not for the malpractice, she would\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">certainly<\/span>\u00a0have received more money in settlement or at trial. [\u00b6] The requirement that a plaintiff need prove damages to \u2018a legal certainty\u2019 is difficult to meet in any case. It is particularly so in \u2018settle and sue\u2019 cases\u2009\u2026\u2009.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Filbin<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">supra<\/span>, 211 Cal.App.4th at p. 166, original italics, internal citation omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c[W]e conclude the applicable standard of proof for the elements of causation and damages in a \u2018settle and sue\u2019 legal malpractice action is the preponderance of the evidence standard. First, use of the preponderance of the evidence standard of proof is appropriate because it is the \u2018default standard of proof in civil cases\u2019 and use of a higher standard of proof \u2018occurs only when interests \u201c\u2009\u2018more substantial than mere loss of money\u2019\u2009\u201d are at stake.\u2019\u2009\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Masellis v. Law Office of Leslie F. Jensen<\/span>\u00a0(2020) 50 Cal.App.5th 1077, 1092 [264 Cal.Rptr.3d 621].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIn a legal malpractice action, causation is an issue of fact for the jury to decide except in those cases where reasonable minds cannot differ; in those cases, the trial court may decide the issue itself as a matter of law.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Yanez v. Plummer<\/span>\u00a0(2013) 221 Cal.App.4th 180, 187 [164 Cal.Rptr.3d 309].)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018The trial-within-a-trial method does not \u201crecreate what a particular judge or fact finder would have done. Rather, the jury\u2019s task is to determine what a reasonable judge or fact finder would have done\u2009\u2026\u2009.\u201d \u2026 Even though \u201cshould\u201d and \u201cwould\u201d are used interchangeably by the courts, the standard remains an\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">objective<\/span>\u00a0one. The trier of fact determines what s<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">hould<\/span>\u00a0have been, not what the result\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">would<\/span>\u00a0have been, or could have been, or might have been, had the matter been before a\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">particular judge<\/span>\u00a0or jury.\u2009\u2026\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Blanks v. Seyfarth Shaw LLP<\/span>\u00a0(2009) 171 Cal.App.4th 336, 357 [89 Cal.Rptr.3d 710], original italics.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cIf the underlying issue originally was a factual question that would have gone to a tribunal rather than a judge, it is the jury who must decide what a reasonable tribunal would have done. The identity or expertise of the original trier of fact (i.e., a judge or an arbitrator or another type of adjudicator) does not alter the jury\u2019s responsibility in the legal malpractice trial-within-a-trial.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Blanks, supra,<\/span>\u00a0171 Cal.App.4th at pp. 357\u2013358.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>1 Witkin, California Procedure (5th ed. 2008) Attorneys, \u00a7\u00a7\u2009319\u2013322<\/div>\n<div>Vapnek et al., California Practice Guide: Professional Responsibility, Ch. 6-E,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Professional Liability<\/span>, \u00b6\u20096:322 (The Rutter Group)<\/div>\n<div>3 Levy et al.,\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 32,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Liability of Attorneys<\/span>, \u00a7\u200932.10 et seq.\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>7\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 76,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Attorney Professional Liability<\/span>, \u00a7\u200976.50 et seq.\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>2A\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 24A,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Attorneys at Law: Malpractice<\/span>, \u00a7\u200924A.20 et seq.\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-sgqw4-e49892017269713968eca73e685647c6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m6n8c-d2dfdb5cd154590feffeb9c4cdeb9456\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-m6n8c-d2dfdb5cd154590feffeb9c4cdeb9456 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m6n8c-d2dfdb5cd154590feffeb9c4cdeb9456 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-596","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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