{"id":868,"date":"2021-10-25T04:03:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-25T04:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/?page_id=868"},"modified":"2022-05-03T18:03:26","modified_gmt":"2022-05-03T18:03:26","slug":"caci-1404-false-arrest-without-warrant-affirmative-defense-private-citizen-probable-cause-to-arrest","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/caci-1404-false-arrest-without-warrant-affirmative-defense-private-citizen-probable-cause-to-arrest\/","title":{"rendered":"CACI 1404 False Arrest Without Warrant\u2014Affirmative Defense\u2014Private Citizen\u2014Probable Cause to Arrest"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku6xwddq-83b56105c96c00b8e764ca13a1e7388d\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-ku6xwddq-83b56105c96c00b8e764ca13a1e7388d{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-ku6xwddq-83b56105c96c00b8e764ca13a1e7388d .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-ku6xwddq-83b56105c96c00b8e764ca13a1e7388d .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-ku6xwddq-83b56105c96c00b8e764ca13a1e7388d av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >CACI 1404 False Arrest Without Warrant\u2014Affirmative Defense\u2014Private Citizen\u2014Probable Cause to Arrest<\/h1><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>California Civil Jury Instructions CACI<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  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class='avia_search_element av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock '><search><form action='https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/' id='searchform_element' method='get' class='' data-element_id='av-avia_sc_search-f7f83518637509acfac1c9900b84c1e7' ><div class='av_searchform_wrapper'><input type='search' value='' id='s' name='s' placeholder='Search CACI' aria-label='Search CACI' class='av-input-field ' required \/><div class='av_searchsubmit_wrapper '><input type='submit' value='Find' id='searchsubmit' class='button ' title='View results on search page' aria-label='View results on search page' \/><\/div><input type='hidden' name='numberposts' value='8' \/><input type='hidden' name='post_type' value='page' \/><input type='hidden' name='results_hide_fields' value='post_titles,meta,image' \/><\/div><\/form><\/search><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-e878f05c31dff72941bf1e49a00d9ff5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\/\">CACI Jury Instructions Index<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caci-fillable-forms.crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">App: CACI Jury Instructions Fillable Forms Word Format<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-91d7ccd583a503147498e120fee2ff9b hr-default  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ku6xxdib-abca2e80f383963e576955f7059cf0a9\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-ku6xxdib-abca2e80f383963e576955f7059cf0a9 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ku6xxdib-abca2e80f383963e576955f7059cf0a9 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 class=\"SS_Banner\">1404\u00a0False Arrest Without Warrant\u2014Affirmative Defense\u2014Private Citizen\u2014Probable Cause to Arrest<\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] claims the citizen\u2019s arrest was not wrongful because [he\/she\/<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">nonbinary pronoun<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] had the authority to cause [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] to be arrested without a warrant.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[If [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] proves that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of plaintiff<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] committed or attempted to commit a crime in [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]\u2019s presence, then the arrest was lawful.]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">or<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">[If [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">name of defendant<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">] proves that a felony was committed and that [<\/span><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">insert facts, that if proved, would establish that defendant had reasonable cause to believe that plaintiff had committed a felony<\/span><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\">], then the arrest was lawful.] <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\"><\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_1\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">New September 2003 <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">Crowdsource Lawyers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci\">https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/judicial-council-california-civil-jury-instructions-caci<\/a><span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\"><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Directions for Use<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_2\">\n<p>The judge must insert in the brackets the fact or facts that are actually controverted and that may be necessary to arrive at the probable cause determination. There may be one or more facts or combinations of facts that are necessary to make this determination, in which case they can be phrased in the alternative.<\/p>\n<p>If a criminal act is alleged as justification, it may be necessary to instruct whether the crime is a felony, misdemeanor, or public offense.<\/p>\n<p>Penal Code section 837\u00a0provides, in part, that a warrantless arrest may be made if a person has committed a felony, although not in the citizen\u2019s presence. While the requirement of probable cause is not explicitly stated, it would seem that the citizen must always have probable cause at the time of the arrest and that subsequent conviction of a felony does not sanitize an improper arrest. <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<h2 class=\"SS_HideShowSection SS_Expandable\">Sources and Authority<\/h2>\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\">\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Citizen\u2019s Arrest.\u00a0Penal Code section 837.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">Felonies and Misdemeanors.\u00a0Penal Code section 17(a).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201cWhat is probable cause, as has been often announced, is not a question of fact for the jury, but one of law for the court, to be decided in accordance with the circumstances at the time of the detention, unhampered by the outcome of the charge against the plaintiff of the public offense or by the conclusions of the trial court.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">Collyer v. S.H. Kress Co.<\/span>\u00a0(1936) 5 Cal.2d 175, 181 [54 P.2d 20], internal citations omitted.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"SS_ListLabel\">\u2022<\/span><span class=\"SS_ListItemContent\">\u201c\u2009\u2018Presence\u2019 is not mere physical proximity but is determined by whether the offense is apparent to the [person]\u2019s senses.\u201d (<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">People v. Sjosten<\/span>\u00a0(1968) 262 Cal.App.2d 539, 543\u2013544 [68 Cal.Rptr. 832], internal citations omitted.) <br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><br class=\"avia-permanent-lb\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"SS_Heading\"><span class=\"SS_bf\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_bf\"><span class=\"SS_ib\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_ib\">Secondary Sources<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>5 Witkin, Summary of California Law (11th ed. 2017) Torts, \u00a7\u00a7\u2009511, 512<\/div>\n<div>3 Levy et al.,\u00a0California Torts, Ch. 42,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">False Imprisonment and False Arrest<\/span>, \u00a7\u200942.22\u00a0(Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>22\u00a0California Forms of Pleading and Practice, Ch. 257,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">False Imprisonment<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009257.19 (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>10\u00a0California Points and Authorities, Ch. 103,\u00a0<span class=\"SS_it\" data-housestyle=\"EMPHASIS_it\">False Imprisonment<\/span>, \u00a7\u2009103.60 et seq. (Matthew Bender)<\/div>\n<div>California Civil Practice: Torts \u00a7\u200913:11 (Thomson Reuters)<\/div>\n<div class=\"SS_Note\">\n<div id=\"TRNotes_n_3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-surqc-337fe7548fab5430a894ba9268418699 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-j61pw-be70b39f21e43c9ef7d79e5746d7ac15\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-j61pw-be70b39f21e43c9ef7d79e5746d7ac15 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-j61pw-be70b39f21e43c9ef7d79e5746d7ac15 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/crowdsourcelawyers.com\/\">CrowdSourceLawyers.com<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-868","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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