CACI VF-2506C Work Environment Harassment—Sexual Favoritism—Employer or Entity Defendant (Gov. Code, §§ 12923, 12940(j))

California Civil Jury Instructions CACI

VF-2506C Work Environment Harassment—Sexual Favoritism—Employer or Entity Defendant (Gov. Code, §§ 12923, 12940(j))


We answer the questions submitted to us as follows:

1.Was [name of plaintiff] [an employee of/a person providing services under a contract with/an unpaid intern with/a volunteer with] [name of defendant]?

 Yes   No

If your answer to question 1 is yes, then answer question 2. If you answered no, stop here, answer no further questions, and have the presiding juror sign and date this form.

2.Was there sexual favoritism in the work environment?

 Yes   No

If your answer to question 2 is yes, then answer question 3. If you answered no, stop here, answer no further questions, and have the presiding juror sign and date this form.

3.Was the sexual favoritism severe or pervasive?

 Yes   No

If your answer to question 3 is yes, then answer question 4. If you answered no, stop here, answer no further questions, and have the presiding juror sign and date this form.

4.Would a reasonable [describe member of protected group, e.g., woman] in [name of plaintiff]’s circumstances have considered the work environment to be hostile, intimidating, offensive, oppressive, or abusive?

 Yes   No

If your answer to question 4 is yes, then answer question 5. If you answered no, stop here, answer no further questions, and have the presiding juror sign and date this form.

5.Did [name of plaintiff] consider the work environment to be hostile, intimidating, offensive, oppressive, or abusive because of the sexual favoritism?

 Yes   No

If your answer to question 5 is yes, then answer question 6. If you answered no, stop here, answer no further questions, and have the presiding juror sign and date this form.

6.Did [name of defendant] [or [his/her/nonbinary pronoun/its] supervisors or agents] know or should [he/she/nonbinary pronoun/it/they] have known of the sexual favoritism?

 Yes   No

If your answer to question 6 is yes, then answer question 7. If you answered no, stop here, answer no further questions, and have the presiding juror sign and date this form.

7.Did [name of defendant] [or [his/her/nonbinary pronoun/its] supervisors or agents] fail to take immediate and appropriate corrective action?

 Yes   No

If your answer to question 7 is yes, then answer question 8. If you answered no, stop here, answer no further questions, and have the presiding juror sign and date this form.

8.Was the sexual favoritism a substantial factor in causing harm to [name of plaintiff]?

 Yes   No

If your answer to question 8 is yes, then answer question 9. If you answered no, stop here, answer no further questions, and have the presiding juror sign and date this form.

9.What are [name of plaintiff]’s damages?

[a.Past economic loss

[lost earnings  $] 

[lost profits  $] 

[medical expenses  $] 

[other past economic loss  $] 

Total Past Economic Damages: $]

[b.Future economic loss

[lost earnings  $] 

[lost profits  $] 

[medical expenses  $] 

[other future economic loss$] 

Total Future Economic Damages: $]

[c.Past noneconomic loss, including [physical
pain/mental suffering:]  $]

[d.Future noneconomic loss, including [physical
pain/mental suffering:]  $]

TOTAL $

Signed:Presiding Juror
Dated: 

After [this verdict form has/all verdict forms have] been signed, notify the [clerk/bailiff/court attendant] that you are ready to present your verdict in the courtroom.


Derived from former CACI No. VF-2506 December 2007; Revised December 2010, December 2016, May 2020, May 2021


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Directions for Use

This verdict form is based on CACI No. 2521C, Work Environment Harassment—Sexual Favoritism—Essential Factual Elements—Employer or Entity Defendant.

The special verdict forms in this section are intended only as models. They may need to be modified depending on the facts of the case.

Relationships other than employer/employee can be substituted in question 1, as in element 1 of CACI No. 2521C. Depending on the facts of the case, other factual scenarios for employer liability can be substituted in questions 6 and 7, as in element 6 of the instruction.

If specificity is not required, users do not have to itemize all the damages listed in question 9 and do not have to categorize “economic” and “noneconomic” damages, especially if it is not a Proposition 51 case. The breakdown of damages is optional depending on the circumstances.

If there are multiple causes of action, users may wish to combine the individual forms into one form. If different damages are recoverable on different causes of action, replace the damages tables in all of the verdict forms with CACI No. VF-3920, Damages on Multiple Legal Theories.

If the jury is being given the discretion under Civil Code section 3288 to award prejudgment interest (see Bullis v. Security Pac. Nat’l Bank (1978) 21 Cal.3d 801, 814 [148 Cal.Rptr. 22, 582 P.2d 109]), give CACI No. 3935, Prejudgment Interest. This verdict form may need to be augmented for the jury to make any factual findings that are required in order to calculate the amount of prejudgment interest.